Health & Fitness Context
What evidence-based training model is NASM known for that guides exercise programming?
The OPT model (Optimum Performance Training).
What anatomical region does the acronym LPHC stand for?
Lumbo-pelvic-hip complex.
Which hormone helps glucose enter cells to provide energy?
Insulin.
According to the text, what is selling personal training services primarily about (what activity or approach)?
Uncovering client needs and presenting solutions; asking a client to commit to an exercise program to improve health/fitness.
What are the "Four Ps" of marketing listed in the text?
Product, Price, Promotion, Place.
Define "evidence-based practice" as used in fitness and healthcare.
"The conscientious use of current best evidence in making decisions about patient or client care."
Describe what an ankle sprain is (what structure is injured and how).
Stretching or tearing ligaments due to rolling, twisting, or turning the ankle.
What is cholesterol and why is LDL referred to as "bad cholesterol"?
Cholesterol is a waxy substance in blood made of protein and fatty acids; LDL tends to form plaque and increase cardiovascular risk.
Why is it important for CPTs to understand scopes of practice and local laws?
To ensure they practice within legal/regulatory limits and avoid practicing beyond their qualifications (client safety and legal compliance).
List two popular methods of earning CEUs (continuing education units) mentioned in the text.
Attending workshops/conferences; completing online education programs (also webinars, reading articles + quizzes, creating content, speaking).
Name two broad categories of disease described by NASM and give a short defining phrase for each.
Acute disease — sudden onset, treatable/curable in short time; Chronic disease — persists, not quickly cured.
What is plantar fasciitis (plantar fascii in the text) and where does it cause pain?
Pain in the plantar fascia tissue on the underside of the foot.
Provide the blood pressure ranges for "Normal (healthy)" and "Stage 1 hypertension" as given in the text.
Normal: Less than 120/80 mm Hg. Stage 1: systolic 130-139 or diastolic 80-89 mm Hg.
Name two professional behaviors or practices the NASM-CPT must adhere to, based on the text.
Adhere to NASM Code of Professional Conduct; work within scope of practice; network with allied health professionals.
How many total CEUs are required to renew NASM-CPT every two years, and how are they split by type?
Total 2.0 CEUs every 2 years: 1.9 CEUs from continuing education efforts and .1 CEU from renewing CPR/AED certification.
Explain why NASM emphasizes scientific principles in its systems and methodologies.
To make programming safe and effective for diverse clients and to attain highest success through proven methods.
List the components that make up the LPHC and explain why it’s important.
Lumbar spine, pelvis, abdomen, hip structures; connects upper and lower body (core), important for movement/stability.
Give the LDL ideal level (in mg/dL) noted in the text and explain briefly why this level matters.
Less than 100 mg/dL; lower LDL reduces plaque formation and cardiovascular disease risk.
What are “forecasting techniques” used for in a fitness business context?
Predict how many clients are needed to meet a desired annual financial goal (business planning).
In a SWOT analysis mentioned in the text, what does the "O" stand for and give one example relevant to a fitness professional.
Opportunities; e.g., expanding into new niches such as coaching group programs or gaining skills to work with specific populations.
Describe the relationship between overweight/obesity and chronic disease risk.
Excess body fat increases the chances of developing chronic diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease, diabetes).
Identify one common shoulder issue mentioned in the text and name a common activity that increases its occurrence.
Shoulder impingement syndrome; frequent overhead lifting increases occurrence.
Using BMI categories from the text, state the BMI ranges for "overweight" and "obese II".
Overweight: BMI 25-29.9. Obese II: BMI 35-39.9.
Explain how networking with allied health professionals benefits a fitness professional and their clients.
It helps ensure appropriate referrals, coordinated care, learning opportunities, and business growth through collaboration.
Explain one way a weakness in a fitness professional's profile can be turned into an opportunity, according to the text.
Example: Take a continuing education workshop to gain knowledge missing from your skill set so you can work with a new client type.