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The underlying cause of elevated FSH in Menopause
Decrease in Inhibin
*As the ovary ages, less inhibin produced by granulosa cells. Thus less negative feedback on pituitary
Optimal Hgb level for elective surgeries
Hgb >=12
The chromosome BRCA1 is found on
Chromosome 17
Reversal agent heparin
Protamine
Contraindication to Oxybutinin
Closed angle/ Narrow Angle Glaucoma
Average age of Menopause
51 yo
The number of weeks prior to surgery to quit smoking
4 weeks
The mutation associated with the syndrome featuring hamartoma's in the GI tract and mucocutaneous pigmentation
STK11 gene mutation (Peutz-Jegher Syndrome)
When to stop and start warfarin
Stop Warfarin 5 days preoperatively
Restart 12-24 hour postoperatively if adequate hemostasis
Detrusor instability
Amenorrhea intervals (in days) that indicate menopause will occur in the next 1-3 years
Amenorrhea intervals of 60days or more are the primary indicators that menopause will occur in the next 1-3 years
When to do carb loading prior to surgery (how many hours prior)
2 hours preoperatively, 400cc of carbohydrate rich beverage
Mismatch repair mutation in Lynch Syndrome
MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, EPCAM
Reversal agent for Apixaban (Eliquis)
Andexanet alfa
Length of the female urethra
4cm
Average length of vasomotor symptoms in perimenopause and menopause
7 years
Most commonly injured vessels in laparoscopic surgery
common iliac aa.
The age for screening for colon cancer and endometrial cancer in Lynch Syndrome
Colon cancer: 20-25yo every 1-2 years w/colonoscopy
Endometrial cancer: 30-35yo every 1-2 years w/ EMB
Mechanism of Action of Monsels Solution
Ferric subsulfate: causes agglutination of surface proteins resulting in local hemostasis
Type of ureteral repair with distal injury 4-5cm from terminal end
Ureteroneocystostomy: Re-implantation of ureter w/psoas hitch or boari flap
Age to start DEXA scans in normal pt, interval between scans in normal pt, T score for osteoporosis
65 yo start, every 10 years if T score -1.5 or more, Osteoporosis: T score -2.5 or less
Mechanism if bradycardia during insufflation
Rapid stretching of peritoneum causes vagal stimulation leading to severe bradycardia
*Tx: release pneumoperitoneum, treat with vagolytics (atropine)
The syndrome associated with a mutation in TP53 tumor suppressor gene causing breast cancer, bone cancer (osteosarcoma), adrenocorticoid cancers, and leukemia
Li Fraumeni
BLAST53
Breast&Brain tumors, Leukemia, Adrenocortical carcinomas, osteoSarcoma
Levels of pelvic support
Level 1: Apical support: cardinal and uterosacral ligaments
Level 2: Mid vaginal support: Arcus tendineus fascia
Level 3: Lower vaginal support: Urogenital diaphragm and perineal body