Chapter 1: Juvenile Delinquency
Juveniles can currently be defined as ______.
A. a population who can provide a cheap source of labor
B. individuals who are under a certain age set by law in a specific state
C. having no distinct difference from an adult
D. any person under 21 years of age
Ans: B
individuals who are under a certain age set by law in a specific state
During which time period was little distinction made between human beings based upon age?
A. child-saving period (1800s‒early 1900s)
B. ancient times and Middle Ages (776 BCE‒1400 CE)
C. colonial period (late 1400s‒1800)
D. modern period (1900s‒present)
Ans: B
ancient times and Middle Ages (776 BCE‒1400 CE)
The ______, collected by the FBI from reported crimes to police, is one of the most widely cited sources of data for crime and delinquency trends.
A. UCR
B. NCVS
C. self-reports
D. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
Ans: A
UCR
The learning of behaviors and norms from the groups with which we have contact is the definition of which theory?
A. social bond/control theory
B. differential association theory
C. life course and developmental theory
D. general strain theory
Ans: B
differential association theory
7. Which offense below best represents a delinquent offense?
A. smoking
B. drinking alcohol
C. curfew violations
D. theft
Ans: D
theft
Which offense below is an example of a status offense?
A. smoking
B. theft
C. assault
D. trespassing
Ans: a
smoking
During the Colonial and Revolutionary Period, children younger than what age were NOT considered to be able to rationally plan an act of harm in advance?
A. 10
B. 5
C. 7
D. 12
Ans: C
C. 7
A burglary suspect who admits to engaging in more burglaries previously unknown to the police during interrogation is considered what type of data source?
A. UCR
B. NCVS
C. self-report
D. NIBRS
Ans: C
Self-Report
Removing obstacles to success and opening up opportunities (e.g., giving scholarships to college) would be one logical implication of which delinquency theory?
A. social bond/control theory
B. differential association theory
C. life course and developmental theory
D. general strain theory
Ans:D
D. general strain theory
______ are moral norms that may cause more outrage or uproar if broken.
A. Folkways
B. Laws
C. Mores
D. Social norms
Ans: c. Mores
Which conception of delinquency is created and influenced by social, political, and economic factors that may change over time?
A. normative conception
B. functional conception
C. social constructionist conception
D. critical conception
Ans:C
social constructionist conception
Which type of institution was usually assigned by the courts or the state to take in youth deemed to be in need of care, predelinquent, or delinquent?
A. asylums
B. farm schools
C. labor schools
D. houses of refuge
Ans: D
houses of refuge
What phrase was used to categorize violent juveniles in the 1990s?
A. bulls
B. super-villains
C. gangsters
D. super-predators
Ans: D
super-predators
Spending time participating in extracurricular activities such as band or sports often prevent juveniles from engaging in delinquency. Which of the following bonds best exemplifies extracurricular activities?
A. attachment
B. involvement
C. belief
D. commitment
B. Involvement
In the early decades of the 1900s, there were concerns about all forms of ______ as delinquency instigators.
A. popular culture
B. media
C. human interaction
D. antisocial behavior
Ans: B
media
Juveniles are considered to be different from adults because it is believed they can be ______.
A. manipulated
B. rehabilitated
C. judged
D. shamed
Ans: B
rehabilitated
A ______ can be defined as heightened concern over an issue that is not in line with its seriousness or frequency of occurrence in the world.
A. Social Issue
B. Moral Panic
C. Juvenile Issue
D. Super-Predator
Ans: B. Moral Panic
With very few exceptions, girls engage in more delinquency than boys.
A. True
B. False
Ans: B
False
According to ______, the reason we do not engage in delinquency or crime is because we have social bonds to conformity that keep us from engaging in socially unacceptable activities.
A. differential association theory
B. self-control
C. social bond/control theory
D. general strain theory
Ans: C. social bond/control theory
What is a main reason why juveniles receive less severe punishments than adults for similar crimes?
A. inability to vote
B. few options for detention
C. constitutional rights
D. lack of maturity
Ans: D
lack of maturity
While air pollutants have been decreasing in children, inadequate ______ has increased.
A. nutrition
B. education
C. water
D. housing
Ans: D
housing
Beginning in the 2000s, what type of media also resulted in a panic as a delinquency instigator?
A. comic books
B. TV
C. video games
D. radio
Ans: C
video games
In general, the ______ more thoroughly reports on crime victimization rates than the ______ because it does not rely on victims to proactively approach the police to report their victimization.
A. UCR; NCVS
B. Self-Reports; UCR
C. UCR; NLSY
D. NCVS; UCR
Ans: D
D. NCVS; UCR
According to ______, those with lower levels of self-control are more likely to engage in delinquency.
A. differential association theory
B. self-control
C. social bond/control theory
D. general strain theory
Ans: B. self-control
Because self-control theory purports to explain all crime, Gottfredson and Hirschi consider it a ______.
A. biological theory of crime
B. general theory of crime
C. developmental theory of crime
D. specific deterrent of crime
Ans: B
general theory of crime