Terms and Concepts
Procedures used to obtain scientific results.
Methods
Levels of measurement are split into 2 groups.
Categorical and continuous
Can only be used with categorical data, and are most appropriate with variables that have only a few classes.
Pie chart
What are the three measures of central tendency?
Mean, median, and mode
Which measure of central tendency do you report if your variable is nominal?
Mode
A subset pulled from a population with the goal of ultimately using the people, objects, or places in the sample as a way to generalize to the population.
Sample
True or false: Ordinal is a classification that places people or objects into different groups according to a particular characteristic that cannot be ranked in terms of quantity.
False
Resembles bar charts, except bars touch each other. For continuous data.
Histogram
Considered the most important measures of dispersion.
Variance and standard deviation
What is the first step you take when interpreting your frequency distribution?
Identify level of measurement
A set of proposed and testable explanations about reality that are bound together by logic and evidence.
Theories
Whenever you see a likert scale value system for a variable, you should assume that the level of measurement is __________
Ordinal
Displays trends that indicate whether something is increasing, decreasing or staying the same over time.
Line Chart
A clustering of scores in the left-hand side of a distribution with some relatively large scores that pull the tail toward the positive side of the number line
Positive skew
Which column do you pull your data from to report in the interpretation?
Studies that address issues that have not been examined much or at all in prior research and that therefore may lack firm theoretical and empirical grounding.
Exploratory Research
What is the correct level of measurement for religious preference?
Nominal
Are created by placing dots in the places where bars would be and connecting those dots.
Frequency Polygons
Measure of how flat or spread out a distribution is.
Platykurtosis
What analysis can you run instead of a frequency if you are observing an interval or ratio level variable?
Descriptive
The phenomenon that a researcher wishes to study, explain, or predict.
Dependent variable
What is the correct level of measurement for annual income?
Ratio
Utilized when 6 or more classes exist.
Bar chart
What is a disadvantage of the mean?
Sensitive to extreme values.
What's a compelling sentence?