Search/Seizure
A person is seized when a reasonable person would not feel free to do this.
What is leave?
This exception allows warrantless entry when officers are in hot pursuit.
What are exigent circumstances?
This case established the stop-and-frisk doctrine.
What is Terry v. Ohio?
The Fifth Amendment protects against this type of compulsion.
What is compelled self-incrimination?
Miranda applies when these two conditions are present.
What are custody and interrogation?
This test determines whether government conduct is a search based on privacy expectations.
What is the Katz test?
This case allowed warrantless entry during hot pursuit and rejected the “mere evidence” rule.
What is Warden v. Hayden?
Officers must have this level of suspicion to conduct a Terry stop.
What is reasonable suspicion?
The privilege against self-incrimination applies only to this type of evidence.
What is testimonial evidence?
Custody means restraint comparable to this.
What is formal arrest OR not free to leave?
This case held that attaching a GPS tracker to a car constitutes a search.
What is United States v. Jones?
Police may arrest a suspect in public without a warrant if they have this.
What is probable cause?
A Terry frisk is justified when officers reasonably believe this.
What is the suspect is armed and dangerous?
This type of evidence is generally NOT protected by the Fifth Amendment.
What is physical evidence (e.g., fingerprints, blood samples)?
Interrogation includes words or actions likely to produce this.
What is an incriminating response?
This case held that physical force is a seizure even if the suspect escapes.
What is Torres v. Madrid?
This case upheld warrantless public felony arrests.
What is United States v. Watson?
This is the scope of a lawful Terry frisk.
What is a limited pat-down for weapons?
The Fifth Amendment applies only when statements are this.
What is compelled?
The primary remedy for a Miranda violation is this.
What is exclusion from the prosecution’s case-in-chief?
This doctrine says there is no reasonable expectation of privacy in information voluntarily shared with others.
What is the third-party doctrine?
This exception allows a search based on voluntary agreement.
What is consent?
Terry allows a seizure based on less than this standard.
What is probable cause?
This doctrine distinguishes between testimonial and non-testimonial acts (e.g., producing documents vs. their contents).
What is the act of production doctrine?
Even if Miranda is violated, statements may still be used for this purpose.
What is impeachment?