The establishment of prisons in the eighteenth-century America was a result of what two developments?
The Enlightenment and the American Revolution
100
What is the major current issue in Criminal justice related to?
The effectiveness of the rehabilitation ideal (aka are prison reform programs actually helping or hurting?) pg. 396
100
What is the social work practice in criminal justice now referred to?
Forensic social work
100
What are rehabilitation programs?
Traditional programs run within the criminal justice system, prison treatment, probation, parole and diversion.
100
By 1920 probation was permitted in how many states for adults and in every state for juveniles?
2/3
200
The indeterminate sentence became the centerpiece for an approach to corrections known as the what?
The New Penology
200
What do conservatives say is partially responsible for the increase in crime?
Parole. (they believe that they are being released before they should be) pg. 398
200
What is the estimated percent of correctional population who has mental health disorders?
40-70%
200
At what age averagely are wrongful convictions made?
27 years old
200
_____% of arrests are of people under the age of 40
77%
300
In 1878, which state honored Augustus's innovative work by becoming the first state to pass a probation law?
Massachusetts
300
What was the main problem with Diversion Program?
The people who were put into the program were actually the one who would not have been charged. They helped the people who didn’t need help instead of helping those that actually need this program. (pg. 400)
300
What act was passed in 1984 allocating more than $650 million to fund victim assistance?
Victims of Crime Act (VOCA)
300
Who deals with nonviolent offenses, generally property crimes such as burglary?
(VORPs) victim-offender reconciliation projects
300
How much did the population in prison grow between 1988 and 2008?
150%
400
Which state created the first juvenile court?
Illinois
400
What are the 3 intermediate sanctions and describe them.
Day fine- find out how much a person earns in one day and then use a multiplier according to the crime they committed. Then it will hurt the rich just as much as it hurts the poor.
-Electronic Monitoring- wear an electronic monitor so the probation officer can keep tabs on him.
- Shock Incarceration- placement in a boot camp for 3-6 months. (pg. 400)
400
What is the “New Frontier” of social work in criminal justice?
The innocence movement.
400
What are the causes of wrongful conviction?
Wrong identification (occurs 75% of the cases) false confession, snitch testimony, and improper forensic science.
400
According to the crime clock of 2005 every _______ seconds does a violent crime take place?
22.8
500
In 1954, there were only how many full-time psychiatrists employed to provide treatment to 161,587 inmates in state and federal prisons?
23
500
What is the one form of Correctional treatment that appears to be effective?
Probation pg. 399
500
Who is a victim assistance specialist who works within the police department so as to be able immediately to render services to people with whom the police have come in contact?
Police Social Work
500
What skills does police work usually require?
Police work really calls for social work skills rather than the skills concentrated on at the police academy.