Arrest
This occurs when a person suspected of a crime is taken into custody.
What is Arrest.
According to the U.S. Supreme Court, people do not have a reasonable expectation of privacy if this is left out on the curb. The police may search this without a warrant.
What is Garbage.
Name two situations where police don't need to get a warrant before conducting a search.
What are stop & frisk, plain view, hot pursuit, consent, vehicle searches, emergency situations, lawful arrest, and border & airport searches.
This occurs when a jury in a criminal trial is unable to agree on a verdict.
What is a Mistrial.
A rule that says any evidence illegally seized by law enforcement officials cannot be used to convict the accused at trial.
That is the Exclusionary Rule.
What is the formal process of making a police record of an arrest called?
What is Booking.
If a police officer believes, based on his or her experience, that a person is behaving suspiciously and is likely to be armed, the officer may do what?
What is conduct a Stop and Frisk (aka Pat Down)
A sworn statement of facts and circumstances?
What is an affidavit.
A court order requiring a person to appear in court to testify.
What is a Subpoena.
The police must inform suspects of these rights before custodial questioning.
What are Miranda Rights.
An arrested person can usually be released after putting up an amount of money known as what?
What is Bail.
This requires that police officers who are executing a search warrant knock, announce their purpose of authority, and request admission.
What is the "Knock and Announce " rule.
What is a warrant.
The right to confront and cross-examine witnesses comes from this.
What is the 6th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
Under the 4th Amendment, an arrest is considered this.
What is seizure.
A reasonable belief that a person has committed a crime.
What is Probable Cause.
Name one exception to the "Knock and Announce" rule.
What is if circumstances present a threat to the officer, or if evidence is likely to be destroyed if advanced notice is given.
If a person posts $1,000 ail and fails to return, what happens to the money?
What is the court keeps the money.
If granted this, a witness cannot be prosecuted based on information provided in his or her own testimony.
What is Immunity.
According to the 6th Amendment, "In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a _________ and __________ trial..."
What are Speedy and Public trial.
A court order commanding that a specified person be taken into custody.
What is an Arrest Warrant.
This exception says that the "exclusionary rule should not apply to bar evidence obtained by police acting in reasonable reliance on a search warrant...later found to be invalid."
What is the "Good Faith" Exception to the Exclusionary Rule.
This is a formal request that a court makes a ruling or takes some other action.
What is a motion.
Testifying against yourself at trial is called what?
What is Self-Incrimination.
This Amendment assures the defendants the freedom from self-incrimination.
What is the 5th Amendment. (People plead the 5th when they don't want to answer a questions for fear that it might incriminate them.)