Governmental
Operations
Operations
When was the 'American Dream' introduced, and by whom?
The 'American Dream' was introduced by historian James Truslow Adams in 1931.
The first recorded drug law took place in this year:
1885.
Where did our original understanding of Criminal Law in Ancient Times stem from?
Israel, Rome, and Athens
How many people are living in poverty in the United States today?
40 million people are living in extreme poverty in the U.S. today.
How many times more likely are African American individuals to be incarcerated compared to their white counterparts?
Incarceration rates are 6.4x higher among African Americans than their white counterparts.
What is the difference between a 'willful violation' and a 'serious violation of standards' via OSHA?
Willful: A safety violation an employer intentionally and knowingly commits.
Serious Violation of Standards: A substantial probability of death or serious injury could result and the employer knew or should have known about the hazard.
In what year did United States Congress create the Federal Bureau of Narcotics?
The United States Congress created the Federal Bureau of Narcotics in 1930.
What led to the development of Criminal Law in Medieval Times?
The Roman Empire fell and feudal systems emerged.
How many people are living in extreme poverty in the United States today?
18.5 million people are living in extreme poverty in the U.S. today.
Black women are how many more times likely to die during childbirth than their white counterparts?
Black women are 3-4 times more likely to die during childbirth than their white counterparts.
This is due to differences in medical treatment, access to proper medical care, prenatal care access, etc.
After what event in American history did George W. Bush declare the 'war on terrorism'?
September 11, 2001.
In what years was Opium briefly legalized in Britain?
Opium was briefly legalized in Britain from 1850-1856 because they profited off of it.
How was Criminal Law different in England?
Land owned by groups/tribes now belonged fully to the King; they had a new centralized government centered around the King. The King = God.
How is homelessness treated as a crime in the United States?
Homeless people are made to pay fines and fees for sleeping on streets and panhandling.
These fines and fees go unpaid, leading to incarceration and even loss of driver's licenses (if they have one).
In indigenous communities, for every four people, how many are not (or cannot be) enrolled in school or working?
1 in 4 people within indigenous communities in the United States are neither working or enrolled in school.
What is the purpose of 'The Right to Rest Act' and where is it employed in the United States today?
The purpose of 'The Right to Rest Act' is to protect homeless individuals and their rights to be on the streets without fear of fines, fees, or incarceration.
It is employed in California, Colorado, and Oregon.
What is the Anti-Drug Abuse Act?
An Act establishing mandatory minimum sentencing for drug offenses depending on the substance and the amount.
What is the Ideological System of Legitimate Control?
The ruling class is fit to rule, and meant to serve the interest of all its people.
What % of coal ash disposal sites are located within low-income communities?
70% of coal ash disposal sites are located within low-income communities.
How much money to a white man's dollar does an African American typically make?
African Americans typically earn 82.5 cents per dollar a white man would make.
Under federal law, causing the death of an employee through willful or serious violation is a misdemeanor. What are the consequences of this?
The consequences of willful or serious violations under federal law maintain a punishment of 6 months in jail and a $70,000 fine.
What is the 100:1 Law? What was its purpose?
The sentencing differences between cocaine and crack - it was meant to target marginalized communities.
What was law made to appear as in the Ideological System of Legitimate Control?
The law was made to appear as coming from 'divine' origins.
What is the percentage of poverty amongst indigenous peoples in the United States today?
The percentage of poverty for indigenous peoples today is 26.2%. Higher than any other ethnic group in the country.
The courts claimed that colonizers 'found' the land, it belonged to them, leading to deaths of many Native Americans.
United States law supported slavery, slave trade, and displacing African American individuals for the benefit of the wealthy within the country.
Chinese workers assisting in building railroads were not allowed to stay in the country or even enter after their efforts were no longer needed.