A
The system in which parties compete and the judge acts as a referee.
Adversarial system
The burden requiring enough evidence to raise an issue.
Burden of production
Judicial opinions are another name for this source of law.
Case law
A defendant must have this before they can have evidence suppressed under the exclusionary rule.
Standing
An identification procedure using several live participants.
Lineup
A search warrant must clearly describe the place to be searched and items seized.
Particularity
A search performed immediately after a lawful arrest.
Search incident to arrest
This warrant exception permits entry during emergencies.
Exigency
A meaningful interference with liberty or property.
Seizure
The legal standard required for a lawful stop and frisk.
Reasonable suspicion
Evidence favorable to the defense that must be disclosed.
Exculpatory evidence/Brady doctrine
Derivative evidence from unconstitutional police conduct Is not admissible.
Fruit of the poisonous tree
This warrants exception permits vehicle searches with probable cause.
Automobile exception
A defense involving threats of immediate harm.
Duress
The rule that generally prevents illegally obtained evidence from being introduced at trial.
Exclusionary rule
When Miranda warnings are required
Custodial interrogation
When the defense attorney is shockingly substandard.
Ineffective assistance of counsel
The area immediately surround the home.
Curtilage
The doctrine stating that open areas outside the curtilage are not protected by the Fourth Amendment.
Open fields
A limited use of an otherwise suppressed Miranda statement when the defendant testifies inconsistently at trial.
Impeachment