Ch. 1 Criminal Law
Where is most criminal law in the United States found?
What is State criminal codes
Which amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures?
What is Fourth Amendment
What term refers to the prohibited criminal act?
Actus reus
What term describes the culpable mental state required for a crime?
What is Mens rea
Which case involved a defendant claiming he was “sleep driving”?
What is State v. Newman
What is a serious crime generally punishable by more than one year in prison called?
What is Felony
What principle states that a person cannot be punished unless the conduct was prohibited by law before it occurred?
What is Principle of legality
What is involuntary bodily movement occurring without conscious control called?
What is Automatism
What are the four MPC levels of culpability?
What is Purposely, knowingly, recklessly, and negligently
Which case involved a vagueness issue after a man stood naked in his apartment window?
What is State v. Metzger
What punishment theory focuses on giving offenders the punishment they deserve
What is Retribution
What type of law retroactively makes conduct criminal or increases punishment to a defendant's disadvantage?
What is Ex post facto law
When can a failure to act potentially satisfy actus reus?
When there is a legal duty to act
Which MPC mental state involves consciously disregarding a substantial and unjustifiable risk?
What is Recklessly
Which case illustrates how an omission may become criminal when there is a legal duty to act?
What is People v. Oliver
What burden of proof must the prosecution satisfy in a criminal case
What is Beyond a reasonable doubt
What doctrine requires criminal laws to provide adequate notice and guard against arbitrary enforcement?
Void-for-vagueness doctrine
What type of possession exists when a person has legal control over an item without physically possessing it?
What is Constructive possession
What principle requires the required criminal intent and criminal act to coincide?
What is Concurrence
Which case involved robbers leaving an intoxicated victim on a road before another vehicle struck him?
What is People v. Kibbe
What two major approaches to punishment are discussed in criminal law?
What is Retribution and prevention
Which amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment?
What is Eighth Amendment
Why is the voluntary-act requirement important to criminal liability?
It generally prevents punishment without voluntary conduct
What are the two types of causation considered in criminal liability?
What is Factual cause and legal/proximate cause
Which case involved an HIV-positive defendant who repeatedly engaged in sexual activity without initially informing his partners of his status?
What is State v. Stark