Learning theory
What is operant conditioning?
Learning from the consequences of actions
What is a person whom we admire or with whom we share similar characteristics known as?
Role model
What are dizygotic twins?
Twins developed from two different eggs fertilised during the same pregnancy
What is rehabilitative in the context of criminality?
A program designed to help offenders rather than punishing them
What is a token economy program?
A program designed to reward prisoners for prosocial behaviour; prisoners collect tokens that can be exchanged for privileges.
What is positive reinforcement?
Receiving something pleasant for behaviour, so we repeat it
What is modelling?
The process of learning a new behaviour through paying attention to retaining and reproducing the behaviour of a role model
What is temperament?
The nature someone is born with, which affects their behaviour
Which word describes a prison sentence?
Custody
What type of reinforcer is a token?
Secondary reinforcer
What is positive punishment?
Receiving something unpleasant for a behaviour so we do not do it again
What is the ability to store or retain behaviour in memory known as?
Retention
What are twins developed from one fertilised egg that is split into two, known as?
Monozygotic twins
What word describes a type of punishment for criminal behaviour in which the offender must be at home at certain times?
Curfew
What is a psychopath?
A person who is characterised by a lack of guilt and emotion, antisocial behaviour, and selfishness
What is negative punishment?
Removing something pleasant so we do not repeat the behaviour again
What is the process of adopting the behavior, beliefs, and values of a role model or group known as?
Identification
What is unstable neuroticism?
A personality trait associated with being overreactive in stressful situations over emotional and anxious.
What is restorative justice?
When a victim and an offender meet. It is a process used to help a victim recover and make an offender understand the impact of their crime.
What is anger management?
A form of cognitive behavioural treatment for violent offenders
What is a reinforcer of no survival value, but we have learnt to associate it with a primary reinforcer?
Secondary reinforcer
What is vicarious reinforcement?
The motivation to model the behaviours of others who we see being rewarded for their behaviour
What is the personality trait that is cold lacks empathy is antisocial and can be aggressive known as?
Psychotic
What, according to government research, is the victim satisfaction rate with restorative justice?
85%
What is cognitive preparation, skills acquisition, and application practice?
The three stages of anger management programs