Drugs & Crime Overvoew
True or False: In the U.S. nearly all drugs that are illegal today were legal up until late 19th/early20th century.
True.
According to the DEA, what schedule would a drug that has no accepted medicaluses and has a high potential for abuse/dependence fall under?
Schedule I
Psychodynamic/personality theories believe that certain personality traits or conditions make certain people more susceptible to drug abuse. Some of the personality traits that make people more susceptible to drug abuse include:
risk-taking, impulsivity, low self-control or low self-esteem
Of the different models proposed by Erich Goode, which of the following model concludes that drug abuses causes criminal behavior?
Enslavement model
The term ____________ is typically used to indicate that a person is experiencing negative consequences as a result of repeated use of a drug.
Drug abuse
________________________________, or overreactions to the dangers of different drugs and distortion regarding the number of users affected has historically led to the enactment of more punitive drug laws in the United States.
Moral panics
What schedule drug is marijuana?
Schedule I
In cases in which a parent or both parents are drug abusers, the children are biologically predisposed to addiction although most children in these situations never become addicts because genetic factors are ______________ rather than deterministic.
probabilistic
Goldstein's tripartite conceptual framework was developed to explain the relationship between drugs and ___________ crime.
violent
Taking a drug like Percocet to get high instead of for pain relief is an example of:
drug misuse
An annual national survey funded by the Substance Abuse and Mental HealthServices Administration (SAMHSA) that provides current info on drug and alcohol usetrends in U.S. is called the ________________________________________.
National Survey on Drug Use & Health (NSDUH)
What type of drugs are cocaine and meth?
Stimulants
_________ argues that drug use is learned behavior through positive (i.e. getting high and feeling euphoria) and negative (avoiding the pain and discomfort of withdrawal) reinforcement.
Skinnerian conditioning theory
According to Goldstein's ______________________ model, certain drugs, especially stimulants like cocaine, increase excitability, irritability, aggression, hostility, irrationality, anger and paranoia (during withdrawal), which then increases the likelihood of violent or aggressive behavior.
psychopharmacological
Compulsive drug use that results in a person becoming overly concerned with theprocess of finding, buying and taking of a drug to the point that it becomes the centralpart of his or her life is experiencing __________________.
drug dependence
Name one drug that is illegal today that was a common ingredients in medicines for indigestion, sore throat, fatigue and toothaches, etc. in the early 20th century.
Cocaine or opium
What type of drug is heroin?
Depressant
The theory that external cues (i.e. being in a location where they previously used drugs or running into an old friend that they used to do drugs with) cam prompt addicts into drug relapse is called the:
Pavlovian or classical conditioning theory
A drug user who resorts to aggravated robbery in order to buy money for drugs is an example of the ___________________.
economic compulsive model
________ is defined as a chronic, often relapsing brain disease that causes compulsive drug seeking and use, despite the harmful consequences to the individual and to those around him or her; it encompasses both physical AND mental dependence on drug.
addiction
According to the Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring Program (ADAM) II, what percentage of male arrestees tested positive for at least one illicit drug in 2011?
64% - 81%
_______________ is a powerful, synthetic opioid (pain killer) that can be prescribed by a physician or produced illegally and has been associated with overdose deaths across the country.
Fentanyl
__________________ argues that drug use and criminal behavior is most likely to occur when an individual does not have strong bonds or attachments to important mechanisms of control, including family, work, school, community, prosocial friends, etc.
Social control theory or social bond theory
Traditional aggressive patterns of interaction within the systems of illegal drug trafficking and distribution is called _________________.
systemic violence
One of the most significant signs that a person has become physically dependent ona drug is that when he or she stops using the drug, he or she experiences:
withdrawal symptoms