Formalities
The name of a statute that mandates that offenders with a third felony conviction are sentenced to life in prison regardless of what the third felony is?
Habitual offender statutes
What kind of sentence imposes a prison sentence where the minimum time to be served is set by the law and probation is not an option?
Mandatory Sentence
What percentage of jail inmates have not been convicted of a crime yet?
About 65%
What program brings together victims and offenders together to reconcile the negative harm caused by crime
victim-offender reconciliation programs
The “medical model” is what kind of model of corrections that assumes that criminals are sick and need to receive treatment?
Rehabilitation
What kind of sentence requires felons to serve periods of time in confinement in county jail prior to probation?
Split Sentences
Scared straight is an example of what kind of correctional program?
Shock probation/ incarceration
What is a major problem facing jails that affects the amount of programming & health care available, maintenance upkeep, inmate safety and correctional staff?
Overcrowding
What is an intermediate sanction that allows offenders to maintain employment in the community but must report back to a secure facility for evenings and weekends?
Work Release
True of false: Most sentencing guidelines are advisory and not mandatory, meaning they can help decide a sentence but do not have to be directly followed.
True
Wide variation in sentencing outcomes received by different offenders for a similar offense is called?
Sentencing disparity
What is the act that initiated the legal use of probation in the United States?
National Probation Act of 1925
What official is able to present cases to a judge that can dictate whether an offender is terminated from probation, imprisoned, or can continue probation with additional conditions?
Probation officer
What individuals in jail are more likely to be sexually victimized by inmates and staff?
Those with mental illness
Bringing in aspects of one's societal culture from the outside world into prison, such as gang involvement, is called?
Importation
Which model of probation emphasizes strict compliance with probation conditions and holds offenders most accountable?
Law enforcement
What is the process of integrating offenders back into the community after release from jail or prison?
Reentry
What type of court mandates that the offender be involved in an intensive treatment program, counseling groups, and regular urine screenings?
Drug Courts
What is it called when a person receives two separate sentences that are served at the same time?
Concurrent sentence
What is the act that led to the reduction of the 100-to-1 ratio to an 18-to-1 ratio of crack to powder cocaine?
Fair Sentencing Act
During inmate processing, inmates are classified and moved to more permanent housing in the prison. Classification and housing are based on what factors?
Criminal history, offense seriousness, gang involvement
What kind of sentence is one in which the actual number of years a person may serve is not fixed but instead is a range of years?
Indeterminate Sentence
What act mandated that the Bureau of Justice Statistics must collect data on sexual assaults in juvenile and adult corrections facilities and identify facilities with high victimization levels?
Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA)
What is the early practice of delaying sentencing post-conviction that could eventually become permanent if the offender demonstrated good behavior?
Judicial Reprieve
What is the percentage of incarcerated women that are mothers of a minor child?
About 66% or 2/3