Cross Syndromes

Posture

100

What posture is seen and the cervical and thoracic spine with upper crossed syndrome 

Forward head posture and thoracic kyphosis 

200

What position is the pelvis in with lower crossed syndrome?

Anterior pelvic tilt 

300

Rounded shoulders seen in individuals with upper crossed syndrome is likely due to facilitation of what anterior chest muscles?

What is pec major and minor (mostly minor) 

400

What posterior chain muscles are inhibited/underworked in a patient with an anterior pelvic tilt?

glute med/min/max

Lower Cross

100

2 muscles from anterior chain that are tight

iliopsoas, rec fem

200

What is the excessive spinal curve in lower cross syndrome

lumbar lordosis 

300

2 lateral hip/pelvis muscles that are shortened in lower cross syndrome

quadratus lumborum and TFL 

400

3 anterior muscles that are inhibited in lower cross syndrome

rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, vastus medialis and lateralis

Movement Impairments

100

You notice a patient shrugs their shoulder when asked to flex their arm overhead. What muscles are likely overworked resulting in this compensation?

upper trap and levator scap

200

You are observing a patient's gait who has excessive posterior trunk lean during terminal stance. What is the likely impairment causing this compensation?

tight hip flexors causing inadequate hip extension

300

You observe a patient as they elevate their arm overhead in the scapular plane, and notice scapular dyskinesis with a prominent inferior angle. What muscles are likely inhibited?

lower trap and serratus anterior 

400

A patient presents with decreased upper cervical flexion ROM and tension headaches with trying to hold their head upright. This is likely due to what overfacilitation of what muscles?

suboccipitals  

Upper Cross

100

Tight internal rotators of the shoulder seen in upper cross syndrome

latissimus dorsi, pecs, subscapularis  

200

Aside from longus capitis and longus colli, what neck muscles can be inhibited making it difficult to swallow

supra and infrahyoids 

300

what neck muscle contributes to forward head posture by increasing neck flexion when contracted bilaterally?

anterior scalene 

400

Facilitation of what posterior chain muscle would help stabilize the scapula and limit protraction in a patient with rounded shoulders?

rhomboids