Leaders
The Crusades were first ordered by this Pope
How many Crusader knights survived the initial march to occupied Jerusalem?
12,000
What word indicates a tax where one-tenth of a family's money is sent to the Church?
A tithe
Tithe
Tithing
What made the First Crusade different from any later Crusades?
It succeeded
The Christian armies won
These areas, which have low population density, are where feudalism was most common
Rural areas
"The country"
The Crusader armies were led by this English king
Richard the Lionheart
While knights from many countries participated in the Crusade, the leadership came from these three countries
England
Germany
France
How did Friars support themselves financially?
Begging
The outcome of the Crusades strengthened the power of these political leaders
Kings
There was nobody to maintain the roads
This Kurdish Muslim leader conquered Jerusalem; even his enemies and opponents admired his character
Saladin
What was one family-related problem that faced the Church before the Crusades
Some local priests were married or had families, which violates the vow of celibacy
St. Dominic founded this order of monks, many of whom became important scholars
The Dominicans
What occurred more often between Europe and southwestern Asia as a result of the Crusades?
Trade
Commerce
Business
A person who worked for a feudal lord was called a
Vassal
These two Crusader leaders departed with Richard to take back the Holy Land, though neither reached it
Frederick I (Germany)
Phillip II (France)
Name one order of friars (traveling priests who spread the Gospel) that emerged shortly before the Crusades
Dominicans
Franciscans
Benedictines
These buildings were found in urban areas, and represented the Church as the City of God
Cathedrals
What event during the Fourth Crusade undermined the goal of reuniting the Catholic Church with the Orthodox Churches?
The sack of Constantinople.
The looting of Constantinople.
An estate on which feudal workers lived is referred to as a
Feudal manor
These two Popes were responsible for the reforms that made the Church more focused on spiritual matters and more responsive to the needs of the common people
Gregory VII
Leon IX
The sin of selling a holy office for money or favors is called
Simony
Many churches built in the early 1100s used this highly stylized style of architecture.
Gothic architecture
Under the agreement between Richard and Saladin, who could still visit holy places in Jerusalem?
Unarmed Christian pilgrims
Both of these economic systems were influenced by, and partly meant to correct the injustices of, feudalism
Capitalism
Communism