Culture
What was the Crusades framed as ?
The Crusades were framed as an extension of the pilgrimage tradition but with a military component.
What empire asked for help against Muslim armies ?
The Byzantine Empire
What did the Crusaders donate to fund their expeditions or secure spiritual blessings ?
Land or Wealth
What was the reason for the peasants joining ?
The promise of adventure, spiritual reward, and possibly better living conditions
What year did Pope Urban II call for the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont to reclaim the Holy Land?
1095
Who led the Sixth and Seventh Crusade ??
Louis IX
Who could reduce internal conflicts and centralize their power at home ?
Monarchs
Why did the Merchants support the Crusades ?
To expand their trade and economic influence
What was the knights expected to do ?
Knights were expected to serve God, protect the weak, and fight for just causes
Religious Conflict
There was a long-standing tension between Christians and Muslims
What year did the Fall of Acre marks the end of the Crusader ?
1291
How did the Kings and Nobles see the Crusades ?
As a way to gain more power, respect, and influence.
What is a clear example of how Crusades often turned into opportunities for economic gain ?
The looting of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade (1204)
Who did the idea of fighting for the Christian faith unite ?
People across social classes
Pilgrimages to holy sites were an integral part of medieval Christian culture?
What is Pilgrimage Tradition
What did the church use to portray the Crusades ?
Sermons and art
Which Catholic Church wanted to expand its authority over Europe the MOST?
The Pope
Which city-states did the Crusades allow to maritime trade in the Mediterranean ?
Venice, Genoa and Pisa
By what century did the Europe's population grow ?
The 11th century
What was Crusaders told about their participation?
It could reduce the time they or their loved ones spent in purgatory
What were Crusaders exposed to that influenced the European culture ?
Islamic art, science, medicine, and literature
What was the Crusades saw as ?
The Crusades were seen as a way to unite the often-divided Christian kingdoms of Europe under a common goal
What eastern goods did Crusaders bring back to create new markets in Europe ?
Spices, textiles, and perfumes
Who used the Crusades as a way to rally society against a common external enemy (Muslims) ?
The Catholic Church
What created ongoing tension between Christians and Muslims ??
The creation of lasting hostility and resentment between Christians and Muslims made by the Crusades.