Makeup
This type of compound, found in lip glosses, forms a thin film on the lips that reflects light for a glossy finish.
What are polyesters (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate)?
The major composition of a lipid thickener.
What are saturated fatty acids?
This chemical is commonly used to absorb and scatter UV light.
What is zinc oxide?
This amino acid, found in hydrolyzed protein treatments, has a small molecular size that allows it to penetrate the hair shaft and strengthen from within.
What is cysteine?
This strange ingredient is often found in red lipstick to give it is color.
What is cochineal extract/natural red 4/carmine? It comes from an insect called the cochineal.
Main functional group found in emollients, and one way they are formed.
What are esters; Fischer esterification? Fischer esterification forms an ester through the reaction of a carboxylic acid with an alcohol under acidic conditions.
These two organic chemicals are used to absorb the UV radiation with their chemical bonds before it interacts with the skin.
What are avobenzone and oxybenzone?
This chemical bond, disrupted by heat styling and chemical treatments, is responsible for the shape and texture of hair.
What is a disulfide bond?
This polymer, found in mascaras, forms a film around eyelashes when dried, providing the curling effect.
What is polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)
This property allows salicylic acid to penetrate the skin more easily than other acids.
What is its lipophilic nature? This allows it to penetrate the lipid layers of the skin more easily than water-soluble acids. It can then break down the skin oil and other substances that clog pores.
This group of organic compounds, commonly found in chemical sunscreens, absorbs UV radiation and converts it into heat.
What are aromatic molecules?
These anionic surfactants in shampoos work by interacting with oil and dirt, forming micelles to rinse them away.
What are sulfates (e.g., sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate)?
This chemical mechanism, employed by waterproof eyeliners, involves the formation of a cross-linked network upon drying to resist water and smudging.
What is cross-linking polymerization?
This compound, derived from Vitamin A, is known for its ability to regulate cell turnover and treat acne.
What is retinol?
Sunscreen molecules with higher SPF values often have more of this structural feature, allowing them to absorb a broader range of UV radiation.
What are larger conjugated systems?
This type of hair dye uses oxidative chemistry, with hydrogen peroxide opening the hair cuticle to allow color molecules to penetrate.
What is oxidative hair coloring?