consonants
What are stops?
Consonants that involve complete vocal tract closure, temporary airflow block, and pressure buildup.
What is a diphthong?
A complex vowel is a gradual change in articulation and involves two distinct articulatory positions.
The transcription for the word "care"
/kɛɹ/
What is primary articulator for vowel sounds?
the tongue
Identify the voice, place, and manner for /v/.
voiced
labiodental
fricative
Name the three nasal consonants.
/m/, /n/, and /ŋ/
List the dipthongs.
/ɑ͡ɪ/, /ɔ͡ɪ/, /ɑ͡ʊ/, /e͡ɪ/, /o͡ʊ/, and /j͡ʊ/.
The transcription for the word "pleasure".
/plɛʒəɹ/
The four main criteria for vowel classification.
Tongue height, tongue advancement, tense/laxness, and lip rounding
Identify the voice, place, and manner for /n/.
voiced
lingua-alveolar
nasal
What are the two liquids?
/l/ and /ɹ/
The diphthongs for the words "boy" and "cow"
/ɔ͡ɪ/ and /ɑ͡ʊ/
The two phonemes can be transcribed as as a tap /ɾ/.
/t/ and /d/
List all the vowel characteristics for /ɔ/
tense
tongue height is mid
tongue advancement is mid
lips are rounded
Identify the voice, place, and manner for /ɹ/.
voiced
lingua-palatal
rhotic
What are Non-resonants (Obstruent)?
The classification of stops, fricatives, and affricates based on vocal tract resonance.
What are the onglide and the offglide
the first and second elements of a diphthong
example: /eI/
onglide is /e/
offglide is /I/
The transcription for the word "varnish"
/vɑɹnIʃ/
Is the vowel /e/ a tense or lax vowel?
tense
Identify the voice, place, and manner for /θ/.
voiceless
lingua-dental
fricative
Explain the difference in sound source between voiced and voiceless consonants.
Voiced consonants have two sound sources: vocal fold vibration and the obstruction in the vocal tract, while voiceless consonants have a sound source solely at the point of constriction in the vocal tract.
Which consonants are considered semivowels?
glides
/w/ /j/ /l/ and /ɹ/
The transcription of the word "memories"
/mɛmərIz/
What are the two distinct characteristics of tense vowels compared to lax vowels?
Tense vowels are longer in duration and require more muscle effort.
Identify the voice, place, and manner for /j/.
voiced
lingua-palatal
glide