Communication Disorders & Professionals — Chapter 1
What does SLPA stand for?
Speech-Language Pathology Assistant.
What component of language includes semantics?
Content.
What is another name for the trachea?
Windpipe.
At approximately what age does a child typically speak their first word?
12 months.
Approximately how many phonemes are in English?
44.
Which professionals research typical and disordered communication processes?
Speech, Language, and Hearing Scientists.
What component of language includes pragmatics?
Use.
Which cartilage forms the complete ring directly above the trachea?
Cricoid cartilage.
What does MLU stand for?
Mean Length of Utterance.
Are all vowels voiced or voiceless?
Voiced.
What is the difference between an SLP and an audiologist?
SLPs assess and treat speech, language, cognitive-communication, and swallowing disorders. Audiologists specialize in hearing and balance disorders.
What is the difference between syntax and morphology?
Syntax concerns the arrangement of words into sentences. Morphology concerns the structure of words.
What are the three primary physiological systems involved in speech production?
Respiratory, phonatory, and articulatory/resonating systems.
At approximately what age does a child begin adding bound morphemes, according to the developmental chart?
2 years old.
At approximately what age does reduplicated babbling begin?
: 6–7 months.
What does CCC-SLP stand for, and what organization awards this certification?
Certificate of Clinical Competence in Speech-Language Pathology, awarded by ASHA.
What is the difference between developmental and acquired communication disorders?
Developmental disorders occur during development, whereas acquired disorders occur after a period of typical development.
What is the Bernoulli effect, and how does it contribute to vocal-fold vibration?
As air passes rapidly through the narrow glottis, its velocity increases and pressure decreases, helping draw the vocal folds back together during vibration.
What are the two types of bound morphemes listed in the review?
Inflectional and derivational morphemes.
What are the four types of articulation errors listed in the review
Substitutions, omissions, distortions, and additions.
Name the three core components of evidence-based practice.
External scientific evidence, clinical expertise, and client/family values.
A person experiences abnormal pitch and loudness, but their speech sounds and language comprehension are unaffected. Which category of communication disorder best describes the problem?
Speech disorder, specifically a voice disorder.
Name the three paired cartilages of the larynx.
Arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform cartilages.
What are two possible cognitive difficulties associated with developmental language disorder (DLD)?
Difficulties with working memory and executive functioning.
What is the difference between phonological-based and motor-based speech sound treatment?
Phonological-based treatment targets speech sound patterns. Motor-based treatment focuses on specific speech movements, often progressing from simple to complex movements.