Definitions
universal system of symbols representing specific sounds of language
IPA
a speech sound disorder characterized by the atypical production of speech sounds, including substitutions, omissions, additions or distortions, that may interfere with intelligibility
articulation disorder
Functional speech sound disorders, which have no known cause, are these two common SSDs
phonological & articulation disorders
THIS is important because accurate and effective use can lead to improved outcomes, less overall tx time, reduced progression of disorder
early intervention
This common phrase in the field of CSD is referenced to bring awareness to the fact that not all speech characteristics apart from SAE should be pathologized
Difference versus disorder
a perceptual judgment that is based on how much of the child's spontaneous speech the listener understands
intelligibility
SSD that focuses on predictable, rule-based errors (e.g., fronting, stopping, and final consonant deletion) that affect more than one sound
Phonological disorder
Two common causes of adult acquired apraxia of speech are
stroke
TBI
It is the ethical responsibility to inform and educate colleagues, clients, and the community about risk factors which impact speech sound development and disorders. This area of our practice is known as
Prevention
the child's ability to accurately imitate a misarticulated sound when the clinician provides a model
Stimulability
SSD characterized by muscle weakness, which leads to distortion of speech sounds (slurred, forced, slow rate, distortions)
Dysarthria
Two common causes of adult acquired dysarthria of speech are
stroke
neurodegenerative diseases (ALS, Parkinson's disease, MS)
This therapeutic approach is commonly used for phonological pattern correction
minimal pairs therapy
There is not sufficient inclusion of THESE populations in normative data sets
a variation of a linguistic symbol system used by a group of individuals that reflects and is determined by shared regional, social, or cultural/ethnic factors
SSD characterized by difficulty with motor planning/execution of speech sounds. Results in slow rate, distortions, articulatory groping, silent posturing.
Apraxia
Individuals with Cerebral Palsy frequently have THIS speech sound disorder, associated with their CP
Dysarthria
This therapeutic approach is most effective for moderate-severe phonological disorder
Cycles approach
If a teacher or caregiver of an ELL student comes to the SLP with concern that the child is not talking enough or their accent is too thick and needs speech/language services, the SLP should explain that this child is
Bilingual. Typical. Not necessarily disordered.
an approach in which current, high-quality research evidence is integrated with practitioner expertise and client preferences and values into the process of making clinical decisions
Evidence based practice
a congenital neurological disorder in which there is a disruption in the signals that are typically sent from the brain to the articulators related to their position and timing
Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Individuals with THIS genetic disorder commonly exhibit speech sound disorder symptoms including speech sound imprecision, "immature" speech sound quality, vowel errors due to tongue/motor limitations,
reduction of consonant clusters and final
consonant deletion
Down syndrome
The goal of therapy in individuals with dysarthria and apraxia may be working with current skills to improve overall THIS, rather than focus on correcting specific errors
Intelligibility
CSD professionals have differing levels of responsibility. Speech Language Pathology assistants are legally and ethically NOT able to perform what
Evaluations
Interpretation of data
Diagnosis
Goal setting
Dismissal