Gel Electrophoresis
Comparing DNA
❄️ Holiday Trivia 🎄
MISC.
100
Gel eletrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on their _____.
Size
100
One band present for a specific DNA repeat unit (STR) on a gel means that the individual is (Homozygous/Heterozygous).
Homozygous. Same number of repeats units!
100
What holiday begins on December 14th and lasts for eight days?
Hanukkah
100
Elephants are an example of a ______ ______, meaning that if they were to be removed from an ecosystem the entire ecosystem will start to unravel.
Keystone Species
200
True or False: a 9 repeat unit DNA fragment will travel further down a gel than a 10 repeat unit DNA fragment.
True! Smaller fragments travel further down a gel than larger fragments
200
How many possible DNA bands could an elephant have at ONE DNA marker?
Two bands (heterozygous)
200
In “How the Grinch Stole Christmas” what is the name of the mountain where the Grinch lives?
Mount Crumpit
200
Explain why an elephant is a Keystone species!
They are ecological engineers. Their size and structures help to shape and maintain their ecosystems and biodiversity!
300
The DNA ______ is always present on the furthest left lane of a gel. It contains known DNA fragment sizes (base pairs) that can be used to compare the unknown fragment sizes from elephant samples.
Ladder
300
Which of the following suspects (elephants) match the crime scene samples? A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. No match
D. No match
300
How many reindeer names are given in the song “Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer”?
9
300
DNA ________ is the process used to identify the genotypes of individuals at multiple DNA locations. These ”profiles“ can be used to “match“ a DNA sample from a known individual to a crime scene sample.
Fingerprinting
400
Which of these DNA fragments (Genes) would have traveled the furthest on the gel? Which one would have traveled the least on the gel?
Furthest: 62 bp band
Least: 193 bp band
400
At which DNA locations is this elephant homozygous, and at which DNA locations is this elephant heterozygous?
Homozygous: FH60, FH67
Heterozygous: FH19, FH71, FH129
400
What is Frosty the Snowman’s nose made of?
A button!
400
______ is the main reason that the African Elephant population is decreasing at a rate of 10% per year.
Poaching (specifically for Ivory)
500
What are the 3 steps that need to be taken IN THE LAB before you can compare DNA profiles on a gel?
Briefly Explain Each Step
1. DNA Isolation/Extraction
2. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)- making many copies of TARGET DNA Sequence
3. Gel Electrophoresis: separate DNA based on size of DNA fragments (# of repeat units)
500
Explain why we use multiple DNA markers to compare elephant DNA instead of just one?
Because elephants can share some of the same alleles! (Especially if they are from the same region or if they are related in some way).
500
In the song “The Twelve Days of Christmas,” how many gifts are given in total?
364 total gifts!
500
Draw a gel electrophoresis for this elephant using the above genetic information. You should also include a ladder that contains fragments that are 125, 150, and 175 base pairs long. Label which bands belong to which DNA Locus (Locations).
