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Ages and Phases
How the Internet Works
Inside of a Computer
Computer Parts and Digital Files
Random
100
It is the current period in history where information is easy to access and affects nearly all aspects of everyday life
What is the Information Age?
100
When sending data over the Internet, it is broken down into chunks called _______. Each ______ contains the address of the sender, the destination address, a sequence number (so the ______ can be reassembled properly), and some data
What is a packet?
100
In everyday conversation people use these terms interchangeably. But, technically, ____ is used by machines and _____ is used by humans. _____ becomes _____ when it is analyzed and presented in a form that people can use
What is data and information?
100
The brains of a computer is a microprocessor. This is an integrated circuit that process instructions. It is the most important and most expensive part of the computer. It is advertised and referred to by this common name.
What is the Central Processing Unit?
100
It is the work area of the computer. There are two types of it (for our purposes) and it can be either internal to the computer or external and connected when needed. RAM is a type of it.
What is memory?
200
Within the Information Age, it is the ongoing process of social, political, and economic change brought about by digital technology such as computers and the Internet
What is the Digital Revolution?
200
Each device on the Internet has a unique address. It is numeric and divided into four parts. This address is called the device's _________
What is an IP Address?
200
It's a number system in which only 1's and 0's are used to represent numbers.
What is the binary number system?
200
The ”core” of a microprocessor consists of the control unit and the arithmetic logic unit (ALU). This is a type of processor that has more than one "core".
What is a multicore processors?
200
What is RAM and what does it do?
Random Access Memory (RAM) holds information only when the computer is turned on. It is inside of the computer and connected directly to the CPU. A storage area from which the CPU can retrieve data and programs
300
The Digital Revolution is divided into phases. The exact start and stop of each phase is debated by historians. However, this is agreed upon as the first phase, which began in the 1950's and was characterized by were huge, complex, and expensive computers that took up entire rooms
What is Centralized Computing?
300
It's an international group of academics and industry professionals who come up with recommendations for how the Internet should operate. They maintain the technical specifications for HTML, CSS, and other Internet technologies.
What is the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)?
300
Computers use combinations of 1 and 0's to represent numbers, letters, and symbols. In order to effectively use data we must agree on what combination of 1's and 0's represent which numbers, letters, and symbols. Name one standard for encoding digital data.
What is The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)? Unicode is another standard, which includes symbols and characters from multiple languages
300
What is the difference between lossless and lossy digital compression?
Lossless – can get back to the original version Lossy – throws away data during the compression, no way to get back to the original form
300
What is the difference between Internet and World Wide Web?
Internet is used to refer to the physical infrastructure and networking. World Wide Web is the collection of web sites and services built on top of the Internet.
400
It's the 2nd phase of the Digital Revolution characterized by stand-alone computers with local software. This phase lasted from about 1975 to 1995.
What is Personal Computing?
400
HTTP is an _______. _______ are rules that describe how machines communicate. There are many ________ that make the web work.
What is an Internet Protocol?
400
True or False. Encoding systems such as ASCII and Unicode contains no formatting. In order to get bold, centering, underling, or font colors application developers have to embed their own codes for such formatting. These codes are specific to the application, which is how we get file formats such as .doc, .docx (Word) and .pdf.
True.
400
A British company created a variation of Intel's x86 processor that is more energy efficient. It quickly became the standard for tablets and smartphones and can be found in Apple iPads and iPhones, Samsung’s line of Galaxy phones, and several Microsoft tablets. What processor is it?
The ARM processor
400
It's the 3rd phase of the Digital Revolution. It began around 1995 when the Internet was opened for public access. It's main characteristic is the networking and interconnectedness of digital devices.
What is Networked Computing?
500
It's the 4th, and current, phase of the Digital Revolution. It's characterized by the ability to store programs and data on Internet connected computers that contain large amounts of storage and fast processing capabilities. In this phase of the Digital Revolution small portable computers are prevalent.
What is Mobile and Cloud Computing?
500
This is a special server that exists on the Internet. It's job is to covert between numerical addresses, which computers prefer, and text-based addresses, which are easier for humans to use.
What is a domain name server?
500
The 1's and 0's used to encode data are called bits - short for Binary Digit. Eight bits makes a _____ which is the basic unit of measurement for file sizes.
What is a byte?
500
Microprocessors are hard-wired to perform a limited set of activities. This collection of pre-programmed activities is called the ___________
instruction set
500
The Digital Revolution currently has this many phases.
What are 4.