Hardware and components
This type of RAM is volatile, must be constantly refreshed with electricity, and is used for primary system memory.
What is DRAM (or DDR SDRAM)?
This protocol uses port 53 to translate human-readable domain names into numerical IP addresses.
What is DNS (Domain Name System)?
This device connects multiple devices on a local network and forwards data packets specifically to the destination MAC address.
What is a network switch?
This type of network cable uses glass or plastic threads to transmit data as pulses of light over very long distances.
What is fiber-optic cable?
This command-line utility is used to test local and remote network connectivity by sending ICMP echo requests.
What is ping?
This component prevents a CPU from overheating by drawing heat away using a metal block and often a fan.
What is a heatsink?
This TCP port is used to establish an unencrypted, insecure text-based remote terminal connection.
What is Port 23 (Telnet)?
This specific IP address block (169.254.0.0/16) is assigned automatically when a client cannot contact a DHCP server.
What is APIPA?
This technology hides a private IP address behind a single public IP address to allow internet access.
What is NAT (Network Address Translation)?
: Entering this specific command into a Windows terminal runs an automated utility to verify and repair corrupted operating system files.
What is sfc /scannow?
A silver, coin-shaped battery on the motherboard that powers the chip holding the system's firmware settings.
What is the CMOS battery?
This protocol automatically assigns IP addresses, subnet masks, and default gateways to client devices when they boot up.
What is DHCP?
: The modular connector standard used to terminate a 4-pair unshielded twisted pair (UTP) Ethernet cable.
What is an RJ-45 connector?
The standard network topology where all individual computers connect directly to a single central hub or switch.
What is a star topology
This basic command line utility is used in both Windows and Linux to change the current working directory.
What is cd?
This storage technology has no moving parts, using flash memory to provide faster data access than a traditional hard drive.
What is an SSD (Solid State Drive)?
This encrypted terminal protocol replaces Telnet and operates securely over TCP port 22.
What is SSH (Secure Shell)?
This wireless standard is formally designated as 802.11ax and operates on both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequencies.
What is Wi-Fi 6?
This specialized component inside an older laptop screen converts low-voltage DC power into high-voltage AC power for CCFL backlights.
What is an inverter?
This command-line tool traces and displays the exact router-by-router path a packet takes to reach a destination server across a network.
What is tracert (or traceroute)?
The type of CPU socket architecture that uses pins built into the socket on the motherboard rather than on the processor.
What is LGA (Land Grid Array)?
This protocol uses port 80 to transmit web traffic across the internet without any encryption.
What is HTTP?
This network device routes data packets based on IP addresses, bridging the gap between a local area network and the internet.
What is a router?
This type of printer uses a ribbon coated with wax or resin and a heated print head to create long-lasting shipping labels or receipts.
What is a thermal printe
This Windows CLI tool is used to display or alter access control lists (ACLs) to manage file and folder permissions
What is icacls?