Maxillary Central Incisor
What are the names of the 2 edges in front of and behind the mammelons?
Labial incisal edge + Lingual/Palatal incisal edge
What are the tooth numbers (in the FDI system) for BOTH the maxillary lateral incisors?
12 and 22
What feature of mandibular central incisors enables cutting and shearing?
Their sharp incisal edges allow them to efficiently bite off pieces of food by cutting and shearing during the initial stage of mastication.
Besides cutting and shearing food, what mandibular movement does this tooth help guide?
Lateral movement of the mandible
What is the term for when maxillary lateral incisors erupt smaller, narrower and sharper than usual?
Peg Laterals
What is the age for calcification of the maxillary central incisor, and when does it erupt?
Calcification at 3-4 months, eruption at 7-8 years
What is their main function?
Cutting food and guiding it toward the posterior teeth for mastication.
Where are the developmental lobes of mandibular central incisors, and how many are there?
These teeth develop from four lobes: three labial lobes, which form the labial surface and can create mamelons when newly erupted, and one lingual lobe, which forms the cingulum.
At what age does the mandibular lateral incisor usually erupt? And what age does the calcification process begin?
7–8 years and 3-4 months
What % of the population are missing their maxillary lateral incisors?
1.5-3%
What key feature separates the distal and mesial sides of the maxillary central incisor?
Rounded distal outline
In mm, what is the length of these teeth? (crown and root included)
21mm-23mm (points given for 21,22 or 23mm)
What are the functions of mandibular central incisors?
These teeth help cut food and are important for producing “t” and “th” sounds by guiding tongue placement and controlling airflow, while also contributing to appearance and supporting the lower lip.
What are the features of the labial aspect that differ from that of the Mandibular Permanent central incisors
Deeper developmental grooves, more rounded mesial and distal and wider crown in the mesial to distal dimensions
How many contacts does the mandibular central incisor have and which tooth does it contact?
It usually contacts only one opposing tooth — the maxillary central incisor, unlike most teeth, which contact multiple teeth
A certain measurement of the maxillary central incisor is greater than that of any anterior tooth. What is it?
Widest mesiodistal measurement
At what age do these teeth erupt? And when do they calcify?
Eruption at 8 to 9 years old and calcification at 10 to 12 months
What are the features of the distal and mesial outlines of mandibular central incisors?
The distal outline is more rounded while the mesial outline is sharper, although the tooth is bilaterally symmetrical, making it difficult to distinguish sides clinically.
Which three lingual features are described on the mandibular lateral incisor, and how does this surface compare with the mandibular central and maxillary incisors?
Small cingulum, shallow lingual fossa, and weak marginal ridges; it is more developed than the mandibular central but less pronounced than the maxillary incisors
What is the chance of someone having a single maxillary central incisor in the centre of the maxillary arch? (one in how many people)
1 in 50,000
Directly below the cervical line of the maxillary central incisors, what crown feature may be present?
Imbrication lines
List the MAIN anatomical features of the PALATAL aspect of this tooth (list 4 of them to get the points)
-Cingulum
-Palatal fossa
-Mesial and distal marginal ridges
-Palatal pit
-Palatal groove
Indicate at which ages the 4 main stages of tooth development occur for the mandibular central incisors.
Evidence of calcification (tooth formation): 3-4 months
Enamel formation (completion of crown): 4-5 years
Eruption: 7-8 years
Root completed: 10 years
What is the key identifying feature of the mandibular lateral incisor when viewed from the incisal edge?
The incisal edge twists distally due to larger distal developmental lobe
What are the approximate chances (in percentage) of mandibular lateral incisor-canine transposition?
0.03%