Safety and Sanitation
What temperature range is considered the "danger zone" for food safety?
40°F–140°F
What is the difference between white rice and brown rice?
Brown rice has the bran and germ intact; white rice has them removed.
What is the term for cutting a chicken into parts?
Fabrication.
What is the base for a béchamel sauce?
Milk and roux (butter and flour)
What is the difference between a herb and a spice?
Herbs come from the leafy parts of plants, often used fresh or dried, while spices come from other parts of the plant, such as seeds, roots, bark, or fruit, and are usually dried.
Name two ways to prevent cross-contamination in the kitchen.
Use separate cutting boards for raw meat and vegetables; wash hands frequently.
What type of carbohydrate is found in grains and provides long-lasting energy?
Complex carbohydrates.
How many parts do you cut a chicken into when fabricating? What are they?
Name a clear soup.
Broth.
What is the culinary term for the combination of onions, celery, and carrots often used as a flavor base in cooking?
Mirepoix.
What is the minimum time you should scrub your hands with soap to ensure proper handwashing?
At least 20 seconds
Name a whole grain that is high in protein.
Quinoa.
What is the term for the process of removing connective tissue and silver skin from a cut of meat?
Trimming.
What is the main ingredient in a vinaigrette?
Oil and vinegar.
What is the French term for a bundle of herbs tied together and used in soups or stews?
Bouquet garni.
What should you do if there is a fire in the kitchen?
First, tell Chef, then assess the situation to determine the type of fire. If it’s a grease fire, do not use water; instead, cover it with a metal lid or use baking soda to smother the flames. Turn off the heat source if it’s safe to do so. If the fire is larger or cannot be controlled, use a fire extinguisher and call for emergency assistance. Evacuate the area if the fire becomes unmanageable, ensuring everyone’s safety.
What nutrient found in grains helps with digestion and prevents constipation?
Fiber
What temperature should chicken be cooked to for safe consumption?
165
Name the 5 mother sauces.
Bechamel Sauce, Veloute Sauce, Espagnole Sauce, Tomato Sauce (sauce tomate), Hollandaise Sauce.
If you have 16 ounces of flour, how many pounds do you have?
1 pound.
Explain the three-compartment sink method.
Wash, rinse, sanitize.
What is the term for grains that have been stripped of their bran and germ, leaving only the starchy endosperm?
Refined grains.
Name one cut of beef.
Rib, loin, brisket
What is an emulsion, and how is it used in salad dressings?
A mixture of two liquids that normally don’t mix, like oil and vinegar.
How did the Colombian Exchange impact global cuisine?
It introduced ingredients like tomatoes, potatoes, and chili peppers to Europe, and wheat, sugar, and livestock to the Americas.