CULTURE
Culture is learned through _________ passed down from one generation to the next.
traditions
Define autonomy
Autonomy is defined by the right to self-determination and respects the individual's right to make informed decisions
There is a natural tendency to unconsciously ___________________ from other cultures on the basis of one’s internal value system.
stereotype individuals
The _____ ____ metaphor is a view describing that immigrants who come to America combine their cultures with others, but still retain their own cultural identity.
Salad bowl
True of False: All cultures and religions have the same beliefs about health practices and treatment.
FALSE
What is Culture?
Culture may be seen as group’s acceptance of a set of attitudes, ideologies, values, beliefs and behaviors that influence the way the members of the group express themselves
True or false. Pallor is the same appearance across all races.
False. Pallor does not only mean pale. It can appear as ashen or gray in some races and yellow-brown in others.
Transcultural nursing is...?
Providing care to clients of different cultural backgrounds while considering their beliefs and practices.
in the era of the ________ ____, individuals who attempted to retain their native beliefs, customs, and languages were often ridiculed, scorned, and generally made to feel they were outsiders to the mainstream culture.
melting pot
A patient expresses his cultural belief that prayer and faith heal better than any medicine. The nurse assigned to care for this patient can provide culturally competent care by __________ his belief.
respecting
Name 3 ways that culture can be expressed
Culture can be expressed in many ways including:
Language
Spirituality
works of art
group customs and traditions
food preferences
response to illness, stress, pain, bereavement, anger, and sorrow
decision-making; and even world philosophy.
COMMUNICATION : Language differences,Nonverbal communication differences, Privacy norms and disclosure comfort
FAMILY ROLE: Decision-making norms,Hierarchy and consent issues,Surrogate selection conflicts
HEALTH BELIEF: Supernatural vs. medical beliefs,Traditional remedies and treatments, Preventative health orientation
What is the nurses first step in becoming culturally competent?
Nurses must first understand their own cultural backgrounds and explore the origins of their own potentially prejudiced and biased views of others.
Gestures, body position/posture and eye contact are examples of _____ _____
nonverbal communication
what are examples of diversity we can not see?
beliefs
sexual orientation
education
family status
geographic origin
True of False: Culture can not include age or sexual orientation.
False. Culture can include, but is not limited to; race, religion, ethnicity, age, sexual orientation, gender, laws, morals, art, and values.
A client has disclosed that he uses multiple herbal remedies and he is on numerous medications. What is a concern the nurse may have?
The nurse may be concerned about adverse reactions between the herbals and the medications. Herbals are important to certain cultures, so discussing with the doctor of alternative medicines might be necessary.
Name the 3 primary skills required for cultural competence:
communication, understanding, and sensitivity.
What is the drawback of the salad bowl
it tends to create pockets of culturally different individuals who live in but have only minimal interaction with mainstream American society.
+ If they do not speak the language or decide not to participate in the customs of the dominant culture, unfortunately, it can be challenging for them to advance their socioeconomic status.
Name 2 cultural issues in health care related to rituals
1. Family involvement
2. Cirucumcision
3. Religious practices
4. Holy days
5. After-death care for the body
How is a subculture developed?
Subcultures develop when members of the group accept outside values in addition to those of their dominant culture.
what are the disadvantages of having a translator VS an interpreter.
The difficulty with translation is omission of parts of the message; distortion of the message, including transmission of information not given by the speaker; and messages not being fully understood.
Name 3 key questions that you can ask the patient as a starting point for a cultural assessment?
Why do you think you are ill? What was the cause of the illness?
What was going on at the time the illness started?
How does the illness affect your body and health?
Do you consider this to be a serious illness?
If you were at home, what type of treatments or medications would you use? How would these treatments help?
What type of treatment do you expect from the health-care system?
How has your illness affected your ability to live normally?
If you do not get better, what do you think will happen?
Define Cultural Relativism
occurs when members of a strong cultural group understand their culture and group members only from their own viewpoint rather than from that of the larger culture. It is based on the belief that one’s own culture, native customs, religion, and even lan- guage are the best in the world and all others are in some way inferior.
Name 3 cultural beliefs about what causes illness.
God's will
Evil eye
Supernatural force
Punishment for past deeds
Nutritional imbalance