Show:
Terms & Authors
Kim's Adaptation Model
The U-Curve Model
The W-Curve Model
Analysis & Limitations
100

Who introduced the term "culture shock" in 1958?

  • Kalervo Oberg
100
  • What is Stage 1 of Young Yun Kim’s model?

Culture shock 

100
  • Which letter of the alphabet represents the shape formed by the satisfaction curve in this model?
  • The letter U.
100
  • What additional experience does the W-Curve Model add to the standard U-Curve?
  • Returning home / Re-entering one's home country.
100
  • Is adaptation described in these models as a straight line or a gradual/dynamic process?
  • A dynamic and gradual process (not a straight line).
200
  • According to Oberg, what two primary emotions do people feel during culture shock? 
  • Confusion and fear
200
  • In Stage 2 (Adaptation), what do people do to learn the new culture's rules and values?
  • They experiment and make mistakes.
200
  • What is the very first stage of the U-Curve Model where everything feels exciting and fascinating?
  • The Honeymoon Stage.
200
  • What term describes the unexpected difficulty and alienation felt upon returning to one's origin country?
  • Reverse Culture Shock.
200
  • What is the primary strength of the U-Curve Model in terms of helping people feel normal?
  • It normalizes culture shock by showing that emotional struggles are common.
300
  • Who is the Korean-American communication scholar behind the Model of Cross-Cultural Adaptation?
  • Young Yun Kim
300
  • What is the 3-part cycle that describes how adaptation unfolds in Kim's theory?
  • The stress–adaptation–growth cycle.
300
  • In the example for the Honeymoon Stage, which city does the arriving student love exploring?
  • London (UK).
300
  • Why does the W-Curve Model have two dips in its graph?
  • One dip for culture shock abroad, and one dip for reverse culture shock at home.
300
  • What major limitation do both the U-Curve and W-Curve Models share?
  • They are too simplistic and wrongly assume everyone follows the same stages in the exact same order.
400
  • Whose original model served as the direct basis for the expanded W-Curve Model?
  • Lysgaard (Lysgaard’s U-Curve)
400
  • What is the final stage where individuals feel belonging in the new culture while keeping their original identity?
  • Stage 3: Integration.
400
  • What stage follows the Crisis Stage, where people start figuring out transport and making local friends?
  • The Recovery Stage.
400
  • What country is mentioned in the example as the home country a student returns to after living in the USA?
  • Kazakhstan
400
  • According to the W-Curve summary, why can returning home sometimes be harder than moving abroad?
  • Because people expect home to be familiar, but both they and their home culture have changed, causing disconnection.
500
  • In what year did Young Yun Kim publish her book "Becoming Intercultural: An Integrative Theory of Communication and Cross-Cultural Adaptation"?
  • 2001 (introduced in the late 1980s, book published in 2001)
500
  • What term is used in Kim's model to describe a person who can function effectively in both cultures?
  • Bicultural identity (or intercultural identity).
500
  • What is the final stage of the U-Curve where a person feels comfortable, confident, and functional?
  • The Adjustment Stage.
500
  • Name the three target groups mentioned in the text that benefit most from the W-Curve Model.
  • Students, exchange visitors, and workers who live abroad for a long time.
500
  • According to the final conclusion of the W-Curve, adaptation is described as what kind of process?
  • A two-way process (adjusting to life abroad and re-adjusting at home).