Windows Security
Where do you go in Windows to change user account permissions?
Control Panel -> User Accounts
What command lists all files and directories in Linux?
ls
What does a firewall do?
Blocks or allows network traffic based on security rules
What type of malware locks files and demands payment to unlock them?
Ransomware
How many operating systems do teams usually secure in a competition round?
Three (Windows, Linux, and sometimes Windows Server)
What is the default firewall in Windows?
Windows Defender Firewall
How do you change file permissions in Linux?
chmod
What is the purpose of a subnet mask?
It defines which part of an IP address is the network and which part is the host
What does phishing aim to steal?
Personal information (passwords, credit card info, etc.)
What are two common scoring categories in CyberPatriots?
Correcting security issues & answering forensics questions
What command is used to list all active user accounts in Windows CMD?
Net User
What file stores user account information in Linux?
/etc/passwd
What is the default port for HTTPS traffic?
Port 443
What does DDoS stand for?
Distributed Denial of Service
What does “hardening an image” mean in CyberPatriots?
Improving security by fixing vulnerabilities and misconfigurations
In Windows Group Policy Editor, where can you enforce password complexity rules?
Computer Configuration → Windows Settings → Security Settings → Account Policies → Password Policy
What command checks running processes in Linux?
ps aux
What protocol is used to securely transfer files over a network?
SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol)
What is an example of a brute-force attack?
Trying many password combinations until the correct one is found
What happens if you delete an important system file during a competition?
You may lose points or break the system
Name a service (there are multiple) that should typically be disabled on a competition Windows image for security.
Remote Desktop, FTP, and Telnet
How do you check open ports on a Linux system?
netstat -tulnp or ss -tulnp
What is the difference between a stateful and stateless firewall?
A stateful firewall tracks active connections, while a stateless firewall only checks packets against a set of rules.
What is a zero-day attack?
An attack that exploits an unknown vulnerability before a fix is available
In the competition, what is the purpose of the Packet Tracer Challenge?
To test networking skills, including router and switch configurations