Industrial Revolution
This invention allowed one worker to spin multiple threads at the same time.
Spinning jenny
This invention planted seeds in organized rows at a consistent depth.
mechanized seed drill
This rigid outer portion of Earth includes the crust and uppermost mantle.
lithosphere
At this plate boundary, two tectonic plates move away from each other.
divergent boundary
Which invention had the most direct impact on making cotton processing faster?
What is the cotton gin
This machine mechanized weaving and increased the speed at which cloth could be produced.
power loom
This agricultural machine allowed farmers to harvest grain much faster than harvesting by hand.
McCormick Reaper
This softer, slowly flowing layer beneath the lithosphere allows tectonic plates to move.
asthenosphere
At this plate boundary, two tectonic plates move toward each other.
convergent boundary
Identify the boundary: ← | →
What is a divergent boundary?
This invention separated cotton fibers from seeds much faster than workers could do by hand
cotton gin
This improved farming tool could cut through tougher soil more effectively than earlier wooden versions.
iron/steel plow
Tectonic plates are sections of which major Earth layer?
lithosphere
At this boundary, tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other.
transform boundary
Identify the boundary: → | ←
What is a convergent boundary?
This transportation technology used steam power to move people and goods rapidly over land.
steam locomotive/train
Which invention most directly reduced the amount of human labor required to harvest large fields of wheat and grain?
McCormick Reaper
Which is more rigid: the lithosphere or asthenosphere?
lithosphere
Which plate boundary is commonly associated with the formation of mid-ocean ridges and new oceanic crust?
divergent boundary
Identify the boundary: ↑ | ↓, where the plates are sliding alongside one another rather than colliding.
What is a transform boundary?
Explain how the spinning jenny and power loom contributed to the development of the factory system
They increased textile production and encouraged production to become concentrated in factories where machines and workers could operate together.
Explain one way agricultural inventions helped contribute to urbanization during the Industrial Revolution.
Machines increased agricultural productivity while reducing the number of workers needed on farms, allowing or encouraging people to migrate to cities for industrial employment.
Explain the relationship between the lithosphere and asthenosphere in plate tectonics.
The rigid lithospheric plates move over the weaker, ductile asthenosphere beneath them.
Two continental plates collide, compressing and uplifting Earth's crust. What boundary is occurring, and what major landform could result?
A convergent boundary, which can produce mountain ranges.
Challenge
Explain how the iron/steel plow, mechanized seed drill, and McCormick Reaper could indirectly contribute to the growth of Industrial Revolution cities.
hese technologies increased agricultural productivity and reduced the amount of labor needed on farms. This contributed to rural-to-urban migration as workers sought factory employment, providing industrial cities with a larger labor force.