Carbon & Nitrogen Cycles
In what form is carbon in the carbon cycle usually found?
carbon dioxide (CO2)
What is the purpose of cell respiration?
Release energy
What is the only process that removes CO2 from the atmopshere?
photosynthesis
What is evaporation?
liquid water changing to a gas
Water is being moved through the water cycle.
How do animals get the nitrogen they need?
eating plants
What types of organisms carry out cellular respiration?
all organisms (plants and animals)
What is runoff?
water moving from the ground toward a water source
After an organism dies, what happens to the carbon and nitrogen in its body?
It gets recycled back into the soil and used by other things.
What is precipitation?
water falling from the clouds
Name two processes that add CO2 to the atmosphere.
cellular respiration, combustion, decomposition
What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration?
Reactants: glucose, oxygen
Products: water, carbon dioxide, energy
An underwater plant gives off bubbles when it is near a light source. What are the bubbles most likely made of?
oxygen
In which organelle does photosynthesis take place and which organelle does cell respiration take place?
Photosynthesis: chloroplast
Respiration: mitochondria
Give an example of nonpoint source pollution.
oil from a road, fertilizers, etc.
What is an advantage AND a disadvantage of using fertilizer?
Advantage: adds nitrogen to the soil, which plants need to grow.
Disadvantage: can get into the water supply and cause an algae bloom
Place the following events in order:
1. Excess sugar/starch is stored in the plant until needed.
2. Light energy enters plant cells.
3. The chemical energy in sugar is used to help the plant grow.
4. Light energy is converted to chemical energy in the form of sugar.
2, 4, 3, 1
How does the sun affect the water cycle?
causes evaporation
What are two ways humans can reduce the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere?
1. plant more trees
2. burn fewer fossil fuels (cars, factories, etc.)
What is transpiration?
water entering the atmosphere from plant leaves
What is the purpose of nitrogen-fixing bacteria?
They convert nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form plants can use.
What is the photosynthesis equation (in symbols)?
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is the purpose of crop rotation AND what types of plants should be part of the rotation?
Crop rotation adds nitrogen to the soil by including plants with nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their roots. It includes plants like legumes.
You breathe out CO2. Where could that CO2 end up next?
part of glucose in a plant
What type of soil would allow water to flow through easily?
soil that is porous and has lots of spaces