Plant Cells
Name one structure found only in plant cells.
Cell wall or chloroplast
Which organelle controls all activities in the cell?
Nucleus
The “powerhouse” of the cell.
Mitochondria
What is a hypothesis?
a testable, educated guess
Is sugar living/nonliving?
Nonliving
What organelle helps plants make their own food?
Chloroplast
Which structure allows materials to enter and leave the cell?
Cell membrane
Which organelle stores water and nutrients?
Vacuoles
Three main parts of the Cell Theory
1) All living things are made of cells
2) Cells are the basic unit of life
3) All cells come from pre-existing cells
What evidence shows that something is nonliving under a microscope?
No cells or organelles visible
What is the main function of the large central vacuole?
Stores water and helps support the cell
Why don’t animal cells have a cell wall?
They need flexibility for movement and shape changes
What controls what comes in and out of an animal cell?
Cell membrane
The invention made the discovery of cells possible
Microscope
How can you tell if something is living when using a microscope?It has organized cells and visible
It has organized cells and visible structures inside
Why do plant cells need both chloroplasts and mitochondria?
Chloroplasts make food (glucose); mitochondria turn it into energy
Which organelle provides energy for both plant and animal cells?
Mitochondria
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?
Transports proteins and materials within the cell
Why is the Cell Theory considered a theory instead of a law?
Because it explains why cells exist using evidence
What two organelles would best prove that a sample is a living plant cell?
Cell wall and chloroplasts.
If a plant’s chloroplasts stopped working, what would happen?
It couldn’t perform photosynthesis and would eventually die
Which cell type—plant or animal—is more flexible, and why?
Animal cells, because they lack a rigid cell wall
If the nucleus stopped working, what would happen to the cell?
It couldn’t control activities or make new cells
What might cause scientists to change or update the Cell Theory in the future?
new evidence or technology
A student claims a sample is living because it moves under the microscope. What other evidence should they check before deciding?
Look for cells or organelles — movement alone isn’t proof of life. (remember: was a fire living vs. nonliving???)