Functions of Behavior
What is the four functions of behavior?
Sensory stimulation (automatic)
Escape/avoidance
Attention
Tangible/Access
SEAT
What is motivation?
An internal state or characteristic of a person that serves to activate and direct their behavior
Antecedent interventions are interventions we do ________ the behavior occurs.
BEFORE
Consequence Interventions are interventions used _______ a behavior occurs.
AFTER
A reinforcement procedure in which reinforcement is delivered for any response other than a specific target behavior. What differential reinforcement is this?
Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors
You have an itch on your arm, so you scratch it. What is the function?
Sensory/Automatic
Where does motivation fit within our three term contingency (Think: ABC)?
Before antecedent.
Definition: Priming is an antecedent based strategy that involves introducing the material before the lesson/opportunity to demonstrate skill occurs.
e.g. Telling the child before hand that he has 2 minutes before circle time.
To no longer reinforce previously reinforced behaviors.
Reinforcement of the alternative behavior is what DR procedure?
Differential Reinforcement of ALTERNATIVE behaviors (DRA)
Your child is screaming while your are on the phone. What is the function(s)?
Attention
What is the difference between and SD and MO?
MO: Determines the value or effectiveness. Affects how likely you are to respond.
Your child hates reading. When you tell him to read, he usually cries loudly to escape from the task. What kind of environment enrichment strategy could be used? (Examples)
Examples:
Tell him to pick out his favorite book.
Allowing him hold his favorite teddy while reading time.
What is an extinction burst?
An increase in the frequency of responding when an extinction procedure is initially implemented.
What is differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviors?
Reinforcement is delivered for a behavior that is topographically incompatible with the behavior targeted for reduction and withheld follow instances of the problem behavior
Ben is playing video games. His mom tells him that it is time get off and to start his homework. What is the function(s)?
Access
Escape
EO & AO
When using non-contingent reinforcement, if the problem behavior occurs when it is time for you to reinforce you should do what?
If a problem behavior occurs at the end of the interval and it is time to reinforce your child, wait a short time before you give him the reinforcer so you do not reinforce him.
Pam likes to blurt out in class which makes her peers laugh. What type of extinction would we use?
Attention Extinction: IGNORE!
What is differential reinforcement of low rates?
This procedure is used to reduce the frequency of a behavior but not eliminate it from the learners repertoire entirely. This is typically reserved for behaviors that are socially acceptable but may occur too often. Using this procedure, reinforcement is delivered if a behavior occurs below a predetermined criteria.
What is pain attenuation?
Escaping something in the body.
Taking Tylenol when your head hurts.
You are working. You skip lunch and continue to work through an empty stomach. What kind of MO is this? (Hint: EO or AO).
EO
SD manipulation is modifying the instruction that removes any aversive statement that usually elicits problem behaviors. John likes to play video games. When he asks his mom for video games and says "no", he engages in hitting himself in the head. What can the mom say instead?
Examples:
Not right now.
Maybe later.
Escape Extinction
The reinforcer is given when the behavior occurs at a higher rate than before. This intervention serves to increase desirable behaviors which decrease the amount of time available for inappropriate behaviors. This is what DR procedure?
Differential Reinforcement of High Rates