DNA Replication
Where does DNA replication take place?
(In what organelle)
Nucleus.
What is protein synthesis?
The process of creating protein molecules.
What does DNA stand for?
DeoxyriboNucleicAcid.
Who discovered the structure/shape of DNA?
James Watson and Francis Crick.
What are the base pairs of A - T - C - G?
A and T
C and G
T and A
G and C
In what stage of cell division does DNA replicate?
S or Synthesis phase in interphase.
What contains the instructions to make proteins?
DNA.
What is DNA?
DNA is the molecule that contains an organisms genetic information.
When was DNA first founded?
The 1860's by Friedrich Miescher.
What is a nucleotide made of?
Phosphate, sugar, and one of the four nitrogen bases.
Why does DNA replicate?
DNA replicates so the daughter cells have the correct number of chromosomes.
What is the monomer of protein?
Amino Acids.
What is the shape of DNA?
Double Helix.
Convert to MRNA.
AAG - CCA - GCA
UUC - GGU - CGU
What is a group of three bases called?
A codon.
How many steps are there in DNA replication?
Three steps.
What organelle assembles Amino Acids?
Ribosomes.
What is the monomer of DNA?
Nucleotide.
What is the base pair?
TTA - GCA - ATC
AAT - CGT - TAG
What are the four bases of MRNA?
A - C - G - U
R
A
C
I
L
What are the three steps of DNA replication?
1. Molecule unzips, enzymes break hydrogen bonds.
2. Free nucleotides pair with exposed complimentary bases.
3. One original strand of DNA + one new strand for each daughter cell.
Why are proteins important to DNA?
Proteins are important for maintaining and expressing genetic information. I.E, determine physical traits like eye color. They bind to specific DNA sites that regulate cell growth, differentiation, and cell development.
What is DNA held together by?
Hydrogen bonds.
What are the four nitrogen bases?
Adenie, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine.
OR
A - T - C - G
What is the difference between translation and transcription?
Transcription is the process by which a cell makes an RNA copy of a piece of DNA while Translation is the process by which a cell makes proteins using the genetic information carried in messenger RNA.