(Evolution / Morphology) - Part 2 (_/16)

Evolution / Morphology

1

What does homologous mean?

Same structure from common ancestry.

1

Example of homologous structures?

Vertebrate arms: humerus, radius/ulna, wrist, hand.

1

What does analogous mean?

Same function, different structure/origin.

1

Example of analogous structures?

Bird wings and bat wings for flight.

1

What is the axial skeleton?

Skull, vertebral column, and body axis.

1

What is the appendicular skeleton?

Limbs plus pectoral and pelvic girdles.

1

What animal is fossorial in the lab example?

Mole.

1

What evidence shows snakes had legged ancestors?

Pelvis/femur remnants in boas and pythons.

Evolution / Morphology

1

What supports land vertebrates against gravity?

Arched vertebral column.

1

What do fish use for propulsion?

Body/axial skeleton movement.

1

What are fish fins mainly used for?

Steering and balance.

1

Why don’t fish need legs?

Water buoyancy supports them.

1

What are tetrapods?

Four-limbed vertebrates.

1

What does fossorial mean?

Adapted for burrowing.

1

What do snakes use for movement?

Body undulation so they move their body in side-to-side waves.

1

What is occlusion?

The way the teeth line up when the mouth closes.