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This liver enzyme is more specific for liver damage than AST and is often elevated in liver diseases.
What is ALT (alanine aminotransferase)?
This primary function of the kidneys involves removing waste products such as urea and creatinine from the blood.
What is filtration?
This cardiac biomarker, when significantly elevated, is the most specific indicator of myocardial infarction.
What is troponin I?
This painful condition presents with hematuria, normal amylase/lipase, and hydronephrosis on ultrasound.
What is a renal stone
These enzyme is elevated with chronic abdominal pain.
What is Elastin and Chymotrypsin.
A deficiency of this plasma protein in liver failure can lead to ascites and edema due to reduced oncotic pressure.
What is albumin?
This hormone, secreted by the kidneys, stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
What is erythropoietin (EPO)?
This ECG finding, characterized by ST-segment elevation in specific leads, is diagnostic of STEMI.
What is ST-elevation?
A patient with pancreatitis may have this electrolyte abnormality due to saponification of free fatty acids.
What is hypocalcinema
This CK enzyme, elevated in MI, is found in heart muscle but is less specific than troponin.
What is CK-MB (Creatine Kinase-MB)?
In severe liver failure, this neurotoxic substance accumulates in the blood, leading to confusion, asterixis (flapping tremor), and coma.
What is ammonia?
This nitrogenous waste product, measured in blood tests, is primarily formed from protein metabolism and excreted by the kidneys.
What is blood urea nitrogen (BUN)?
One of the early stage markers of AMI that is a protein
What is myoglobin
This imaging technique is the gold standard for diagnosing acute pancreatitis and can reveal peripancreatic fluid collections.
What is a CT Scan
This enzyme, which exists in five isoenzymes, was historically used in diagnosing heart failure and myocardial infarction, but it is now rarely used due to troponin’s higher specificity.
What is lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)?
This liver function marker is elevated in alcohol-induced liver disease and is often more than twice the ALT level.
What is AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase)?
This protein should not normally be found in urine, and its presence can indicate kidney damage.
What is albumin (or proteinuria)?
CK-BB
This liver enzyme is often elevated in gallstone-related pancreatitis and suggests bile duct obstruction can be mistaken for a bone issue.
What is alkaline phosphatase (ALP)?
This pancreatic enzyme, also elevated with pancreatitis, is responsible for digesting fats and, when activated prematurely, contributes to pancreatic autodigestion.
What is pancreatic lipase?
This liver function marker is elevated in alcohol-induced liver disease
What is GGT
In chronic kidney disease (CKD), the level of this electrolyte often rises due to the kidneys' inability to excrete it, leading to dangerous cardiac arrhythmias.
What is potassium (hyperkalemia)?
↑ Troponin, ↑ CK-MB, ↑ Myoglobin
What is an early stage AMI
Sudden weakness, facial droop, speech difficulty
What is aphasia?
Increased in prostate cancer
What is ACP or What is PSMA?