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NSP

1

 Passive voice

The report _______ two days ago.

• A. should been finished
• B. should finish
• C. should have been finished
• D. should have being finished

C. should have been finished
This is a past modal in the passive voice.
‣ We need a perfect modal verb with the verb be + past participle: should have been + finished.

1

Conditionals

Do you think he ______ if we invited him?

• A. will come
• B. come
• C. would come

C. would come

1

Modal verb

Sorry, but I'm not Connor. You ______ me for someone else.

• A. might be confusing
• B. must confuse
• C. must be confusing

C. must be confusing
We use the continuous infinitive (be doing) after a modal verb for actions that are in progress now or around now.  
‣ You must be confusing me = ‘I'm sure you are confusing me.’

NSP

1

This tea tastes a bit ______ the other.

A.bitterest than

B.more bitter than

C.more bitter that

B. more bitter than

We use -er for one-syllable words, or two-syllable adjectives ending in -y. For two-syllable words or more, we use more to form the comparative.
‣ For small differences, we can use a bit/a little before the comparative.

1

Passive voice

This kind of job used _______ only by professionals in the past.

• A. to being done
• B. to be done
• C. to do
• D. to been done

B. to be done
 We need the passive to  infinitive: to be + past participle (the infinitive of be + past participle).

1

This is the computer ____ I bought from my friend.

• A. which
• B. what
• C. who

A. which
We use which for things or animals.

NSP

1

Conditionals

We couldn't afford the house even if we both ______ double our salaries.

• A. earn
• B. would earn
• C. earned

C. earned

1

Reported speech

I haven't seen Barbara since last year.' ⇒ Brendan told me ______.

• A. he didn't see Barbara since last year
• B. he hadn't seen Barbara since the year before
• C. he hadn't seen Barbara since last year

B. he hadn't seen Barbara since the year before

Present perfect (direct speech) ⇒ past perfect (reported speech).
‣ last month/year, etc. ⇒ the month/year, etc. before or the previous month/year, etc.

1

Modal verb
You have been walking for ten hours. You ______ exhausted.

• A. can be
• B. can't be
• C. must be

C. must be
You must be exhausted = 'I'm sure you are exhausted.'
‣ Remember that you don’t use can as a modal verb of deduction.

NSP

1

Active and passive voice
Chicken thighs ______ for 40 to 50 minutes.
 

• A. should be baking
• B. should be baked
• C. should bake

B. should be baked
It’s passive because we are saying what should happen to the subject (chicken thighs).

1

Conditionals

I ______ you my secret unless you _____ me yours.

• A. won't tell / tellcorrect
• B. wouldn't tell/tell
• C. told / would tell

A. won't tell / tell

1

Relative clause

What's the name of the man ____ lives next door?

A.that he

B.where

C.who

. who

We use who for people.
‣ We could also use that, but we can’t use an expression like *that he/she etc. in this type of relative clauses.

NSP

1

Reported speech

'Have you signed the contract?' ⇒ Suzan ______ .

• A. told me if I had signed the contract
• B. asked me whether I had signed the contract
• C. said if I signed the contract

B. asked me whether I had signed the contract
Yes/No question (direct speech) ⇒ asked me if/whether + subject + verb ... (reported speech).
‣ Present perfect (direct speech) ⇒ past perfect (reported speech).

1

Relative clause

That's the house _____ I lived when I was a child.

• A. that
• B. where
• C. which

B. where
‣ We use where for places.

1

Modal verb
   I'm not sure I trust Peter. He ______ the person we think he is
 

• A. might not be
• B. can't be
• C. must not be

A. might not be

He might not be the person we think he is = 'Perhaps he isn't the person we think he is.'
‣ When we are sure something is not true, we use can't (NOT mustn't).