Covalent Bonds
What type of elements form covalent bonds
Nonmetals
How many valence electrons does hydrogen have?
What is the shape of CH₄?
Tetrahedral
What is a polar bond?
A bond with unequal sharing of electrons
What number does 1 mole represent?
6.02 × 10²³
In a covalent bond, what is shared between atoms?
Electrons
Draw the Lewis structure for Cl₂
Single bond with 3 lone pairs on each Cl)
What shape is CO₂?
Linear
True or False: CO₂ is polar.
False – it’s nonpolar
What is the molar mass of CO₂?
44 g/mol
Name one difference between ionic and covalent bonds.
onic bonds transfer electrons; covalent bonds share them
What shape is the Lewis structure of CO₂?
Linear
What is the approximate bond angle of a tetrahedral molecule?
109.5°
Which is more electronegative: O or H?
O
How many molecules are in 2.00 mol of H₂O?
1.204 × 10²⁴
Which of the following has covalent bonds: NaCl, CO₂, or MgO?
CO₂
How many bonding and lone pairs are in NH₃?
3 bonding pairs, 1 lone pair
Why is H₂O bent and not linear?
Lone pair repulsion on oxygen
What 2 factors make a molecule polar?
Polar bonds and asymmetrical shape
How many moles in 18.0 g of H₂O?
1.00 mol
True or False: Covalent bonds result in charged ions.
False
Draw a complete Lewis structure for CH₄ and describe the shape.
Tetrahedral with 4 single bonds
Name the VSEPR shape: 3 bonding pairs, 1 lone pair.
Trigonal pyramidal
Is NH₃ polar? Why or why not?
Yes – polar bonds and asymmetrical shape
How many grams are in 3.01 × 10²³ molecules of O₂?
16 g