Memory Terms
This is the internal record of information, skills, or experience.
What is memory?
These are the three control processes or types of memory.
What are sensory, short-term, and long-term?
This is often defined as an altered state of consciousness.
What is sleep?
This learning theorist is best known for his work with dogs, and establishing the concept of classical conditioning.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
This is the type of stimulus that can be associated with an unconditioned stimulus to produce a conditioned response.
What is a neutral stimulus?
This is inability to recall previously learned information.
What is retrograde amnesia?
This is one of the processes by which short term memory becomes encoded as long-term memory.
What are elaboration, organization, or rehearsal?
This is the term for the awareness of ourselves and our environment.
What is consciousness?
This learning theorist is responsible for creating the concept of respondent conditioning. He is perhaps best known for the “Little Albert” experiments.
Who is John B. Watson?
UCS and UCR stand for this.
What is unconditioned stimulus, and unconditioned response?
This is the inability to learn new amnesia.
What is anterograde amnesia?
The number of items short term memory can store, the Magic Number.
What is 7+/-2?
This steroidal hormone is produced by the adrenal gland and is found in greatest concentration just after waking.
What is cortisol?
This learning theorist is best known for of operant conditioning, the concept of reinforcement, and his work with rats.
Who is B.F. Skinner?
This is the process by which stimulus similar to the original conditioned stimulus elicit the conditioned response.
What is stimulus generalization?
This is a device used in memory, such as a rhyme.
What is a mnemonic?
This is the process by which information is lost in short-term memory.
What is Interference?
This stage of sleep is the deepest, when muscles relax, blood pressure and breathing rate drops.
What is NREM 3?
This learning theorist is responsible for the concept of observational learning, modeling, imitation, and the Bobo experiment.
Who is Albert Bandura?
This law states that the probability of an action being repeated is increased when followed by a pleasant or satisfying consequence.
What is the Law of Effect?
This is the process of transducing information into nerve impulses?
What is encoding?
This is the process by which information is lost in sensory memory.
What is Decay?
This stage of sleep is characterized by increased brain activity and the occurrence of dreams.
What is REM (rapid eye movement)?
This learning theorist is best known for the concept of latent learning, the idea of a cognitive map, and his work with rat mazes.
Who is Edward Tolman?
These are the precise rules that are used to present or to remove reinforcers or punishers following a specified operant behavior. The four types are fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, variable interval.
What are schedules of reinforcement?
This is a metaphor used to explain the model of memory, the mind is like a computer.
What is HIP or human information processing?
This process of information loss is displayed in long-term memory retrieval, sometimes referred to as tip of the tongue phenomenon.
What is retrieval failure?
This theory of sleep states that we sleep as an evolutionary response to keep ourselves safe from nocturnal predators.
What is inactivity theory?
This learning theorist is known for the Law of Effect and placing cats in puzzle boxes.
Who is Edward Thorndike?
This occurs when a response is no longer reinforced following a discriminative stimulus.
What is extinction?
These two men developed the Multi-Store model of memory (1968), both share the first name Richard.
Who are Atkinson and Shifrin?
This is the process of repeatedly verbalizing or thinking about a piece of information, which slightly extends duration of short term-memory.
What is Maintenance rehearsal?
The bursts of neural oscillatory activity that are characteristic of NREM stages of sleep.
What are sleep spindles?
This developmental theorist is best known for the idea of the zone of proximal development, and the sociocultural theory of cognitive development.
Who is Lev Vygotsky?
This is the career path that Watson chose after leaving psychology.
What is advertising?