Overview
A Carbon (C) atom is bonded to an Oxygen (O) atom by a double bond and to a hydroxyl (-OH) group by a single bond. A fourth bond links the carbon atom to a Hydrogen (H) atom or some other univalent combining group.
Carboxylic Acids
True or false: The nomenclature of carboxylic acids follows a systematic set of rules established by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
True
Which of the following is NOT a physical property of Carboxylic Acids and why? (Must have both answers correct to get points)
Polarity
Odor
Acidity
Color
Boiling Points
Acidity; It is a chemical property
Which of the following is NOT a physical property of Carboxylic Acids and why? (Must have both answers correct to get points)
Esterification
Polarity
Acidity
Reduction
Formation of Acid Chlorides:
Polarity
True or false: The structure of a carboxylic acid consist of a carbon group (-COOH) attached to a hydroxide chain or a hydroxide atom
False;True or false: The structure of a carboxylic acid consist of a carbon group (-COOH) attached to a hydrocarbon chain or a hydrogen atom
The longest continuous carbon chain containing the carboxyl group (COOH) is called the what?
Parent Chain
Carboxylic Acids are typically… in their pure form
Colorless
Fill in the blank: Carboxylic acids can be (BLANK) to primary alcohols using strong reducing agents such as lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH₄).
Reduced
Who is the prominent chemist associated with Carboxylic Acids?
Justus von Liebig
Fill in the blank:
If there are substituent groups attached to the parent chain, name them as…. and indicate their ….. with numbers. (Must get both correct)
Alkyl Groups; Positions
What comparable alcohols do Carboxylic Acids have a higher melting point than?
Aldehydes and Ketones
Definition: Carboxylic acids react with alcohols in the presence of an acid catalyst to form esters and water.This reaction, known as
Esterification
The carboxyl group is composed of all of the following except:
A carbon atom (C) double-bonded to an oxygen atom (O) (forming a carbonyl group, C=O), extending Y line connecting the substitution group.
Extending Y line connecting the substitution group.
What determines the parent chain?
The most amount of carbons
When do some Carboxylic Acids may have color?
Impure (or) They undergo chemical reactions that introduce chromophores (either answer works)
True or False: Carboxylic acids can undergo decarboxylation, a reaction in which they lose a carbon dioxide (CO₂) molecule, typically when heated or in the presence of a catalyst.
True
True or false: Carboxylic Acids can be found in outer space
False; Carboxylic acids are commonly found throughout nature in various organisms and environments.
You replace what with what to indicate the presence of the carboxylic group?
Replace the "-e" ending of the corresponding alkane with "-oic acid" to indicate the presence of the carboxylic group
What makes Carboxylic acids polar molecules?
Carboxylic acids are polar molecules due to the presence of the carbonyl (C=O) and hydroxyl (OH) groups.
What causes the acidity of carboxylic Acids?
Resonance Stabilization of the carboxylate anion.