Functions of Behavior
The reinforcement is produced by the behavior itself.
Automatic Reinforcement
Labeling or naming objects, actions, or events.
Tact
When recording data on a line graph, on which axis would you put the date?
The x-axis is the horizontal axis on a graph, where you record the date or a session number. The y-axis is the vertical axis on the graph, where you record a measure of the behavior.
In a ________ preference assessment, the therapist places an array of items in front of the learner and instructs them to choose one. After allowing them to play with it for a short time, they remove the item, put it back in the array and replace the non-chosen items with new items.
Multiple Stimulus With Replacement (MSW)
You can do this by taking ABC data, recording the antecedent, behavior, and consequence.
Descriptive assessment
Vanessa screamed and shouted until mom and dad purchased her a new toy at target. What is the function of the behavior?
Tangible
The speaker repeats what is heard.
Echoic
Your supervisor asks you to take duration data on your learner’s behavior. What does this mean?
Duration
Duration data records the total amount of time the behavior lasts. If your learner engages in a target behavior of screaming from 12:08–12:10, then the duration you record is 2 minutes.
You observe your learner in a natural setting and record what they choose to play with
Free operant preference assessment
A free operant preference assessment does not involve interference from the assessor. In this assessment, you observe your learner in their natural environment and record information about what they choose to play with and how long they engage with each activity or item.
What occurred right before the behavior, what the behavior looked like, and what happened right after the behavior
ABC data collection
When sarah is asked to do math problems, she gets frustrated and has a lot of trouble with them. Every time Sarah is told to her math work, she asks to go to the bathroom. What is the function of the behavior?
Escape
Speaker responds to another's verbal behavior but does not have point-to-point correspondence.
Intraverbal
Counting each time a behavior occurs
Frequency
a _________ assessment aims to identify items and activities that your learner enjoys or prefers.
preference assessment
Sheila is working with a 3-year-old boy. He enjoys playing with toy dinosaurs, so she brings a bag full of toy dinosaurs to her session and allows him to play with them when he earns 5 tokens for following his rules. Toy dinosaurs would be a
conditioned reinforcer
One day in English class Jim throws a paper ball at his teacher and his classmates laughed. Now, every day when Jim attends English he throws paper balls. What is the function of the behavior?
Attention
Request for something wanted or needed, or a request to end something undesirable.
Mand
Milana wants to know how much time passes between occurrences of her client asking for a break. What type of data would she collect?
Interresponse time
She would record interresponse time. Interresponse time tracks the time from the end of one response to the start of the next. For example, if her client asked for a break at 3:13, then again asked for a break at 3:26, then 13 minutes would be the interresponse time.
2 items are provided in this type of preference assessment
Paired Choice Preference Assessment
Your favorite ice cream spot offers punch cards where you can earn a free scoop of ice cream. Each purchase earns you one punch on the punch card. Once you receive 5 punches on your card, you get your next scoop free! What schedule of reinforcement would this exemplify?
Fixed Ratio
Client is playing in the sand sensory bin and begins to dump it out. As soon as you reach to stop the dumping, he smiles at you and grabs another bin and dumps it out. What's the function of the behavior?
Attention
Following a direction given by others.
Example: Staff says, "stomp your feet" and the child stomps their feet.
Listener Responding
Julio records interval data for his student’s classroom participation using 5-minute intervals. During the interval from 8:00-8:05 AM, student A participates in the class work for two minutes. Julio records that interval as a (or yes/+). Assuming he is entering data accurately, what type of measurement procedure must he be using?
Partial Interval
Since Julio records the behavior as occurring for the 5-minute interval, even though student A only participated for 2 minutes within that interval, he must be recording partial interval data. In partial interval recording, you mark each interval as occurring if the individual demonstrated the behavior for any portion of the interval.
Watching what your learner chooses to play with in a setting full of available items, documenting chosen items as potential preferences for reinforcement.
Free operant preference assessment
A schedule of reinforcement in which a reinforcer is delivered after an average number of responses has occurred.
Variable Ratio