Action Potentials
Name the region where axon potentials are initiated.
The axon hillock.
Define equilibrium potential.
The state in which there is no driving force.
Where are the receptors located?
Postsynaptic neuron
What is the area between two neurons that are communicating with neurotransmitters?
Synaptic Cleft
What is the threshold potential?
-55 mV.
What is sodium's equilibrium potential?
~ +60 mV.
Which receptor allows for a G-Protein coupled response?
Metabotropic
Name three places where synapses occur
axon, soma, dendrite
A neuron's membrane potential goes from -65 mV to -40 mV. What term describes the change that the neuron has undergone?
Depolarized.
Which ion has a higher concentration inside the neuron than outside?
Potassium.
What receptor allows for fast transmission?
Ionotropic
When ONLY electrical signals are being transmitted, what is the space between the neurons called?
Gap Junctions
True or false: Once a neuron reaches threshold potential, sodium will flow out.
False.
A neuron is at resting potential. Which two ions have the strongest inward driving force?
Sodium and calcium.
What allows the resting membrane potential to be restored?
Sodium Potassium Pump (PUMPKIN)
After the action potential occurs, what ion needs to enter the presynaptic neuron to release neurotransmitters?
Calcium
You accidentally drink lemonade that is tainted with a poison that inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels. What effect will this lead to?
This will prevent action potentials from occurring.
A neuron's membrane potential is at 0 mV. What force is pushing sodium into the cell?
Glutamate acts as a ligand for which receptor?
AMPA & NMDA
A person eats seafood and their mouth feels numb. What toxin did they ingest and what does the toxin do in terms of ion channels and neural transmission?
Tetrodotoxin
Closes sodium channels
Prevents synaptic transmission