Sociology Basics
This is the science of human behavior that looks beyond common sense.
What is sociology?
This French thinker coined the term “sociology.”
Who is Auguste Comte?
This term describes enduring patterns that influence behavior.
What is social structure?
This perspective views society as a set of parts that work together.
What is structural functionalism?
This is the first step in the scientific method: identify what you want to investigate.
What is asking a research question?
This is what sociology helps people see in attitudes and actions.
What is the identification of patterns in attitudes and actions?
This thinker is best known for the idea of utilitarianism.
Who is Jeremy Bentham?
This concept means the ability of a social actor to control the actions of others.
What is power?
This perspective emphasizes society’s ongoing struggles over power and resources.
What is conflict theory?
This means studying relationships among the parts of a situation.
What is analysis?
This is what sociology encourages people to do with their personal experiences.
What is viewing personal experiences in a social context?
This sociologist focused on how people learn through interaction with others.
Who is George Herbert Mead?
This shared system of norms, values, and beliefs helps people understand actions.
300: What is culture?
This theory sees society as different parts that constantly do this over power and resources.
What is struggle for power and resources?
This term refers to the number of cases in a population over time.
What are rates?
This is what sociology helps individuals understand about their lives in society.
What is their social place?
This thinker argued that people are interconnected because they need one another’s skills to survive.
Who is Adam Smith?
This concept describes conscious behavior that responds to, coordinates with, or is oriented toward others’ actions.
What is social action?
Name the two classes Marx believed would experience class conflict and revolution.
Who are the bourgeoisie and proletariat?
According to the review, sociological facts are stable, but they are not this.
What is fixed?
This concept connects personal experiences with broader social forces.
What is the sociological imagination?
This pair of thinkers is associated in the review with class conflict and functional integration, respectively.
Who are Karl Marx and Émile Durkheim?
This term describes the interdependence among the parts of a social system.
What is functional integration?
In a social system, this perspective asks how the parts work together; the other major perspective emphasizes struggles over power and resources.
What are structural functionalism and conflict theory?
Researchers should avoid this when gathering or interpreting sociological data.
What is bias?