Enzymes
Name 2 enzymes in the mouth during the breakdown of food (hint carbs and fats)
lingual lipase and salivary amylase
Which organ produces bile?
Liver
Name 3 monosaccharides
- Fructose
-Sucrose
- Galactose
WHich fatty acid has a kink in the chain and does not pack together tightly?
Unsaturated
What is the difference between essential and non-essential amino acids
essential cannot be made by the body while non-essential can be made
What enzyme helps digest protein in the stomach (hint similar to a soda)
Pepsin
WHat is PKU?
GEnetic disorder where body cant process amino acid phenylaline and causes mental impairments
What is the different between alpha and beta bonds
Alpha is easily digestible and omega is not.
ALpha = sucrose
Omega = lactose
WHat is hydrogenation?
Adding hydrogen molecules are added to unsaturated fatty acids
What is transamination?
Transferring an amino acid to a different acid
Passive and facilitated diffusion explain the difference
Passive - no need for a carrier or energy
Facilitated - requires carrier but no energy
WHat are accessory organs of digestion?
liver, spleen, gallbladder, salivary glands
WHat is the difference between amylose and amylopectin?
Amylose is a straight chain and amylopectin is a branched chain
what contains a glycerol backbone, 2 fatty acids, and a phosphate
Phospholipid
What is the building block of DNA
nucleotides
WHat does bile do? (hint same thing dish soap does)
emulsifies fat
How does the body store glucose?
glycogen
Sterols are what shape? Name a sterol
ring shaped
WHat is positive and negative nitrogen balance?
Positive - when more protein is consumed usually during pregnancy, growth, and recovery from illness
NEgative - giving off more nitrogen than consumed like starvation and low energy diets
What are enterocytes?
absorptive cells in the villi
What is the difference between insoluble and soluble fiber?
insoluble - viscous and gel forming, may ferment in the gut
Soluble - DOes not ferment and is "roughage" and does not absorb water
NAme all 9 essential amino acids
TVTILLPMH
TVTILLPMH
Protein ADMR %
10 - 35%