Unit 1
What is biology?
The study of life
What are Eukaryotes?
Large cells that have a nucleus and form multicellular organisms, plants, animals, fungi and protists
What are enzymes?
A type of protein that speeds up the rate of reaction
What is Natural Selection?
The process through which populations of living organisms adapt and change over time
What is habituation? (Unit 4)
A simple form of learning where an organism gradually decreases its response to a repeated stimulus that is not harmful or threatening.
What are autotrophs?
Organisms that use the sun or chemicals to make their own food
What are monomers?
1 subunit, building block of all macromolecules
What is equilibrium?
A state of physical balance
What is evolution?
Refers to the change in the inherited traits of populations of organisms over successive generations
How does nondisjunction occur?
Occurs when chromosomes do not separate properly during cell division
What is homeostasis?
Maintaining a stable internal environment.
What are polymers?
Many subunits, Many monomers bonded together
What are macromolecules?
Macromolecules are large molecules essential for life, made up of smaller building blocks called monomers
What is taxonomy?
The branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms
What are homologous structures? (Unit 4)
Organs or skeletal elements of animals and/or organisms that by virtue of their similarity suggest their connection to a common ancestor
What are prokaryotes?
Cell with no nucleus or membrane bound organelles
What are mutations?
A permanent change in an organism’s DNA sequence
What is diffusion?
The net movement of anything generally from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
What is hibernation?
A behavior of dormancy during the winter in order to survive cold conditions with a lack of food.
What is a stem cell?
An undifferentiated and unspecialized cell that can turn into any type of cell
What are Diploids?
Cells with 2 sets of chromosomes (2n) -1 from mom and 1 from dad
What is osmosis?
Passive transport, diffusion of water
What is asexual reproduction?
The process by which an organism produces a new, genetically identical organism without the use of gametes
What is Binomial nomenclature?
The system of nomenclature in which two terms are used to denote a species of living organism, the first one indicating the genus and the second the species
How many phases in Mitosis and name them? (Unit 2)
5, Prophase Metaphase, Anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.