RADIATION BASICS
This is the type of radiation that is capable of producing ions by removing or adding an electron to an atom.
What is ionizing radiation?
The negatively charged electrode in the x-ray tube.
What is the cathode?
Which size PID leads to less divergence of the x-ray beam?
What is the 16 inch PID?
What control settings affect density?
What is kV, mA and exposure tme?
Overlapping contacts are usually caused by this alignment error.
What is incorrect horizontal angulation?
This refers to the number of wavelengths that pass a given point in a certain amount of time.
What is "frequency"?
This component focuses electrons into a narrow beam toward the anode.
What is the focusing cup?
In the United States, the average person is e3xposed to approximately how many mSv of background radiation per year?
Approximately 3.1 mSv
What is the current dental unit range for kV, if that setting is NOT fixed at 70kV?
What is 60-70 kV?
A cone cut appears when this error is made:
What is PID not centered over receptor?
This is defined as the release of electrons from the tungsten filament when the electrical current passes through it and heats the filament. The result? A cloud.
What is "thermionic emission".
Increasing this setting increases the penetrating power of the beam.
What is kVp?
What three elements of the tune and tube head make up "inherent filtration?
What is: glass window
insulating oil
tubehead seal
This is the only setting that affects contrast, or, the difference between dark and light areas on an image:
What is kV?
A light radiograph is often caused by this processing error.
What is insufficient exposure time?
The minimum filtration required for units operating above 70 kVp.
What is 2.5 mm aluminum equivalent?
Electrons strike the anode, and their energy of motion is converted to x-ray energy. Less than what percent of that energy is converted to x-rays?
What is less than 1%
The most radiosensitive cells in the body are those that are actively doing this.
What is dividing?
If kV is increased, what happens to density, and what type of contrast results?
What is increased density and low contrast?
Too little vertical angulation during exposure of PA will produce which type of distortion?
What is elongation?
The recommended distance an operator should stand from the x-ray source during exposure.
What is at least 6 feet and 90–135 degrees from the beam?
The sudden stopping of electrons at the tungsten target produces this type of radiation.
What is braking or general braking radiation?
What is the maximum permissible dose for pregnant dental personal per month?
What is 0.5 mSv per month during pregnancy
Kilovoltage and milliamperage have this type of relationship with exposure time.
👉 What is an inverse relationship?
If the target receptor distance is increased, what happens to magnification?
What is decreased magnification?