This simple small volcano, typically basaltic in composition, can erupt scoria and lava flows.
What is a cinder cone
100
This magma is formed by the partial melting of mantle rocks.
What is basalt?
100
In this plate boundary basaltic magmas are the most typically produced.
What are divergent boundaries?
100
Ash.
What are volcanoes a danger to jet engines?
100
This type of monitoring is typically the most important for predicting the pace of volcanic activity.
What is seismic monitoring?
200
This type of volcano has steep slopes that build up due to alternating lava flow and ash layers.
What is a composite volcano?
200
This type of melting is important in the formation of magmas supplying mid-ocean ridges and oceanic islands.
What is decompression melting?
200
These plate boundaries can be formed along either oceanic-oceanic boundaries or continental-oceanic margins.
What are subduction zones?
200
This may be produced by large-scale basaltic volcanoes and contribute to the warming of Earth's climate system.
What is carbon dioxide?
200
Observations based on these are also helpful for understanding volcanic activity but are limited in their usefulness due to cloud cover, snow cover, vegetation, etc.
What are satellites?
300
This typically forms from repeated eruptions of basaltic lavas and, though large, typically has gently slopes.
What is a shield volcano?
300
This type of melting is important in subduction zones.
What is wet melting or melting in the presence of fluids?
300
This is the type of plate tectonic association linked with Dante's Peak.
What are subduction zones?
300
This gas, upon its release high up in the atmosphere, changes form and serves as a condensation nuclide for making clouds.
What is sulfur dioxide?
300
These changes in the structure of Earth's crust in a volcanically active region may signify the migration of magmas beneath a volcano.
What is ground deformation? (or inflation?)
400
This structure is a collapse associated with the evacuation of a magma chamber.
What is a caldera?
400
This type of lava may be made by a partial melting of a very wet mantle.
What is an andesite?
400
This is the name for a type of volcanism that is not necessarily associated with plate tectonic boundaries.
What are hot spots? (or what is a mantle plume?)
400
An eruption of one of these would likely have global consequences.
What is a supervolcano?
400
Changes in these overall (or their composition), sensed by satellite or direct measurement, may signify an upcoming eruption.
What are gas emissions?
500
These shield volcanoes are the largest volcanic structures on Earth and in the Solar system.
What are Mauna Loa and Olympus Mons?
500
This process may drive elevations in temperature and cause some kind of melting beneath continental margins.
What is underplating?
500
This is an example of a hot spot and a plate boundary.
What is Iceland?
500
These large emplacements of volcanic products over a relatively short time span have been synchronously linked with global extinction events.
What are flood basalts?
500
This collection of events may help volcanologists predict an imminent eruption.