Network Basics
A mechanism where two or more computing devices are configured to communicate and share information with each other.
What is a Network?
Computing devices connected together in one physical location, such as a building, office, or home.
What is a LAN (Local Area Network)?
Computing devices connected together over a large geographic area in multiple buildings that are far apart.
What is a WAN (Wide Area Network)?
An identifier of an end-point on the internet that has four components with digits 0-255 each.
What is an IPV4 Address?
The command that will show network-related details about a user's Linux machine.
They connect computing devices together using copper wires twisted together inside a casing. Types include CAT5 and CAT6.
What are Ethernet Cables?
A small network, similar to what a person may have at home.
What is a SOHO Network?
The largest WAN in the world -- the network of networks allowing global computer-based communications.
What is the Internet?
A unique identifier of an end-point on a network using hexadecimal notation over eight components with 16 bits each.
What is an IPV6 Address?
An expression of an IP address that shows the network portion of the address in bits. For example, /20 at the end of an IPV4 address would indicate that the first 20 of the 32 bits identifies the network.
What is CIDR Notation?
It's two main jobs are to assign IP addresses and manage network traffic.
What is a Router?
It connects electronic devices which are close to the user such as wireless keyboard and wireless mouse or a Smartphone with earbuds.
What is a PAN (Personal Area Network)?
A specialized computer providing one or more services to users both inside and outside the network. These computers will have more processing power and more storage capacity than individual user devices.
What is a Server?
A unique ID applied to a Network Interface Card. It is expressed in hexadecimal notation and has 48 bits.
What is a MAC (Media Access Control) Address?
A Linux command line tool used for network exploration and security auditing. To get it to work properly, you must supply an IP address using CIDR Notation.
What is nmap?
Hardware that allows a computing device to connect to a network. It has a MAC Address that uniquely identifies it.
What is a NIC (Network Interface Card)?
The port on the back of a WiFi Router that connects to the larger network that the router is on.
What is a WAN Port?
A protective portion of the network that users from outside the network can access. Traffic cannot pass directly through it.
What is the DMZ (Demilitarized Zone)
It is a computing device that stores the relationship between a web address that humans can memorize and the actual IP address where it is hosted on the internet. It is typically located in the DMZ of an Enterprise Network.
What is a DNS (Domain Name Server)?
A result from a Linux command that indicates the machine's IPV6 address.
What is inet6?
The device that enables a network connection to an Internet Service Provider. It's name derives from the two main actions it takes -- modulation and demodulation.
What is a Modem?
The transmission medium is light shining through tiny hollow tubes. For neighborhoods around Champe, it is the most common way to deliver internet connectivity to homes.
What are Fiber Optic Cables?
A device on an enterprise network with three main jobs:
AUTHENTICATES users and computers
AUTHORIZES users and computers to access a specific resource on a network, based on permissions
AUDITS network access, maintaining a log of all security events
What is a Domain Controller?
A way to subnet public IP network addresses and eliminate the requirement to have all IP addresses for a given Class A, B, or C network all part of the same network for routing purposes.
What is CIDR (Classless Inter-domain Routing)?
The lo command in Linux will show this value for the machine. It is often 127.0.0.0
What is the Loopback Address?