Gram negative vs. Gram Postive
Which class of bacteria stains purple?
Gram-negative bacteria
What is one function of the plasma membrane?
- Separation from the environment
- Selective permeability
- Location of crucial metabolic processes
- Response to molecules in the environment
Name the 3 domains of life
Bacteria, eukarya and archaea
What is the largest and most inclusive taxonomic rank?
Domain
Which class of organisms derive their energy from CO2
Autotrophs
Which class of bacteria contains an LPS layer?
Gram-Negative
In Gram-negative bacteria, this structure contains hydrolytic enzymes and binding proteins for nutrient uptake and processing
periplasmic space
From which molecule is the origin of life thought to originate from?
RNA
What process in making a phylogenetic tree adds gaps to a sequence in order to establish homology?
Sequence alignment
Which class of organisms derive their energy from organic molecules?
Heterotrophs
Which part is missing from the LPS unit given:
Lipid A, __________, Core polysaccharide
O-Antigen
What do you call particles of iron oxide/iron sulfate in a bacterial organelle?
Magnetosomes
- located on cytoskeletal filaments
Where is the likely site of the origin of life?
Hydrothermal vents
When building a phylogenetic tree, which gene are we interested amplifying? and where can it be found?
16S gene in the Small ribosomal subunit
Name one source of nitrogen
- organic molecules
- ammonia (NH3)
- nitrate (NO2)
- nitrogen gas
Which reagent stains bacteria pink?
Safrinin
Where can you find monolayer membranes with branched-chain lipids and ether linkages?
Archea
What is a possible metabolism source for primitive cells?
FeS
01_Intro_fin_V1 slide 22
What is the first step to building a phylogenetic tree?
Isolating DNA
Name one of the 3 major ways nutrients can enter a cell
- active transport
- group translocation
- facilitated diffusion
What distinguishes Amino acids in Peptidoglycan from typical amino acids?
What is the homolog to MreB?
Eukaryotic actin
When did life arise on earth?
~3.5 billion years ago
What phenomenon complicates tree construction?
Homoplasy (convergent evolution)
The rate of facilitated diffusion _________ as the concentration increases
a) increases
b) decreases
Increases, but reaches a plateau when the carrier becomes saturated