CHAPTER 4
This element is known as the backbone of life because all organic molecules are based on it.
Carbon.
The simplest carbohydrates, such as glucose and fructose, are known as...
The difference in alpha and beta-glycosidic linkages between glucose monomers in polysaccharides gives rise to these two molecules, of which only one is digestible by humans.
Starch (alpha 1,4 linkages) and Cellulose (beta-1, 4 linkages)
The organelle in charge of shipping and receiving (center) inside the cell, which also modifies products of the ER and sort them into vesicles is the
Golgi Aparatus.
A complex structure composed of proteins which regulates the movement of macromolecules, mRNA, miRNA, tRNA and rRNA between the nucleus and cytosol (cytoplasm), also acting as a selective double membrane?
A nuclear pore.
This group, written as -OH, is found in alcohols and makes molecules polar.
Hydroxyl group.
These lipids are made from one molecule of glycerol and three fatty accids, and serve as long-term energy storage.
tryglycerides.
During the industrial process that converts unsaturated fats into saturated ones, hydrogen is added across double bonds. A harmful product of this partial hydrogenation of unsaturated fats was also known as margarine and is thought to be bad for your health.
A microscopy that can visualize the 3D surface of a specimen by scanning electrons is called
Scanning electron microscopy SEM.
An organelle that receives proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum. It then directs them to their final destination such as lysosomes, plasma membrane, or secretion.
Golgi Apparatus.
This functional group features a carbon atom double-bonded to oxygen and can appear in ketones or aldehydes.
Carbonyl Group.
the sequence of aminoacids in a polypeptide chain determines this level of protein structure...
Primary structure.
In DNA, it is said that purines pair with pyrimidines. If Adenine is a purine, with double ring, then to which pyrimidine is Adenine most likely going to pair?
Thymine.
An organelle that containes enzymes that remove hydrogen atoms from substrates and transfer them to form hydrogen peroxide, also said to diggest them.
Peroxisome.
A Molecule with both carboxyl and an amino group belongs to this class of biological molecules.
Amino Acid.
This protein is a hormone, produced by the pancreas and helps to regulate blood sugar by signaling cells to take up glucose.
insulin.
hint: it has to do with polarity.
Organelles responsible for converting energy, one through respiration and the other through photosynthesis?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts.
In animal cells, this type of extracellular glycoprotein attaches to membrane integrins. It links extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton.
Fibronectin
Phosphate group
DNA
In the flow of genetic information, DNA is said to be composed of two antiparallel strands, being this important for correct replication. Please explain in which direction is DNA replication synthesized.
DNA Pol adds nucleotides from 5' to 3' direction.
It is composed of microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments. It is an internal framework that gives the cell structure and allows it for movement.
Cytoskeleton.
Central Vacuole.