Old Regime
What were the three social groups of the Old Regime called?
Estates
Who held most political power in an absolute monarchy?
The monarch/king
Which Spanish king ruled from 1814–1833?
Ferdinand VII
What system gives a monarch very extensive political power?
Absolutism / absolute monarchy
Which came first: the Carlist Wars or WWI?
Carlist Wars
Which estate included peasants, workers and the bourgeoisie?
Third Estate
What system allows citizens to choose representatives?
Elections
Who became queen after Ferdinand VII died?
Isabella II
What ideology defended individual rights and constitutional government?
Liberalism
Which happened first: Russian Revolution or WWII?
Russian Revolution
Name the two privileged estates
What does sovereignty mean?
The authority/power to govern or make decisions
Why did a succession crisis begin in 1833?
Dispute over whether Isabella or Carlos should inherit the throne
What ideology connects political identity with a shared nation?
Nationalism
Put in order: WWII / Russian Revolution / WWI.
WWI → Russian Revolution → WWII
Give one important inequality between the Third Estate and privileged estates
taxes, privileges, political influence
What is the difference between an absolute and constitutional monarchy?
Monarch's power is limited by constitution/laws in constitutional monarchy
What conflict began in 1833 between supporters of Carlos and Isabella?
First Carlist War
What political system developed in the USSR under Stalin?
Stalinism / a highly centralized communist dictatorship
Which came first: Isabella II's reign, Glorious Revolution, or Bourbon Restoration?
Isabella II's reign
Why couldn't the Third Estate simply change an unfair political system?
They lacked political power/representation; authority was concentrated elsewhere
Give two ways ordinary citizens can influence a modern democracy.
vote, protest, petitions, parties, associations
What broader political disagreement was connected to the Carlist conflict?
Traditionalism/absolutism vs liberalism
Name the three authoritarian systems/ideologies on our timeline.
Stalinism, Fascism, Nazism
Put in order: Ferdinand VII / Isabella II / First Carlist War / Glorious Revolution / Bourbon Restoration.
→ Ferdinand VII → Isabella II/First Carlist War → Glorious Revolution → Restoration